Is Yogācāra a system of idealist metaphysics or a theory of experience without metaphysical commitments? An increasing amount of literature has argued, since the 1980s, in favor of the second answer. In this paper, I propose to review the background to the question. In fact, most of the attempts to answer the question have been made with reference to Buddhist texts and concepts. However, labels such as “idealism” emerged from Western philosophy and are reflective of specific historical situations and problems. Extending their use to other contexts requires that these specificities are taken into account. Building on an historical survey, I suggest that some essential features of Yogācāra correspond to features of an ancient Greek tradition of metaphysics that has been characterized as idealist: Neoplatonism. On this basis, I come back to the initial question and argue in favor of the idealist interpretation.

瑜伽行派是唯心主义形而上学体系还是没有形而上学承诺的经验理论？自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，越来越多的文献支持第二种答案。在本文中，我建议回顾一下这个问题的背景。事实上，大多数回答这个问题的尝试都是参考佛教经典和概念来进行的。然而，“唯心主义”等标签是从西方哲学中出现的，反映了特定的历史情境和问题。将它们的使用扩展到其他环境需要考虑这些特殊性。基于历史调查，我认为瑜伽行派的一些基本特征与古希腊形而上学传统的特征相对应，这种传统被认为是唯心主义：新柏拉图主义。以这个为基础，