Which are the effects of hosting refugees on hate events, the most extreme acts against minorities? While growing research considers the link between refugees and voting behaviors, little is known about the influence of refugee reception on radicalization of anti-immigrant attitudes. Exploiting a novel database on geotagged hate events in Italy and the geography of refugee hosting centers, this paper provides novel evidence on the effect of exposure to refugees on hate in Italian provinces. Using instrumental variable estimation, we show that provinces with bigger refugee hosting capacity experienced higher incidence of hate.

中文翻译：

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欢迎来到冲床。意大利当地接触难民和仇恨事件

收容难民对仇恨事件（针对少数群体的最极端行为）有何影响？虽然越来越多的研究考虑难民与投票行为之间的联系，但人们对难民接待对反移民态度激进化的影响知之甚少。本文利用关于意大利地理标记仇恨事件和难民收容中心地理位置的新颖数据库，提供了关于接触难民对意大利各省仇恨的影响的新证据。使用工具变量估计，我们发现难民收容能力较大的省份的仇恨发生率较高。