Proprioception is essential for precise movement as it helps the body transmit important data about its surroundings to the central nervous system for maintaining body posture and position. This study aimed to investigate the effect of direction and joint angle on upper limb proprioception. Thirty individuals (all males) completed a position reproduction activity in 13 directions and three joint angles. It was discovered that upper limb proprioception is dependent on joint angle, direction, and range of motion. The position reproduction error was found to be dependent on the direction, which had a significantly lower accuracy in the direction with a larger range of motion. In addition, upper limb repositioning errors increased at greater limb elevation angles. Our findings also showed that the joint angle did not significantly affect the absolute error of elbow flexion. With an increase in the elbow flexion, the increase of the gravitational moment of the upper arm and hand coupled with the increase of the muscle arm of the biceps brachii possibly causes slight changes in muscle length perceived by spindles or muscular force perceived by Golgi tendon organs.

本体感觉对于精确运动至关重要，因为它帮助身体将有关周围环境的重要数据传输到中枢神经系统，以维持身体姿势和位置。本研究旨在探讨方向和关节角度对上肢本体感觉的影响。30 个人（均为男性）完成了 13 个方向、3 个关节角度的位置再现活动。研究发现，上肢本体感觉依赖于关节角度、方向和运动范围。发现位置再现误差取决于方向，运动范围较大的方向精度明显较低。此外，上肢重新定位误差在肢体仰角较大时会增加。我们的研究结果还表明，关节角度并没有显着影响肘部弯曲的绝对误差。随着肘部屈曲的增加，上臂和手的重力力矩的增加加上肱二头肌肌臂的增加可能会导致纺锤体感知的肌肉长度或高尔基腱器官感知的肌肉力量的轻微变化。