Abstract

Effective soil management requires an understanding of soil morphology and physicochemical properties. The detailed description, characterization, and classification of soils are important criteria for soil management. The purpose of this study was to assess the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of soils in the Ifa Galano micro-watershed of the Sayo district. Four pedons were opened and analyzed for specific parameters to achieve these goals. Soils were classified after their morphological properties were studied in the field and their physicochemical properties were studied in the laboratory. The pedons were over 150cm deep. Except for pedon 4, the surface soil structure was granular, with a friable to firm consistency and clay texture. The soils were classified as very strongly acidic to moderately acidic with low to medium organic carbon. The total N content of the pedon studied ranged from low to high and decreased with depth and the soil available phosphorous was very low to low. The soil CEC was high while PBS ranged from low to medium. Most extracted micronutrients were high to very high except copper which was low in almost all pedons. Based on identified morphological, physical and chemical properties; the studied soil pedons were classified as Hyperdystric Nitisols (pedon 1 and 4), Umbric Nitisols (pedon 2) and Rhodic Alisols (pedon 3). Generally, the depth, land use types and topography of the site influence most of the selected soil properties. The pH readings of the soil at the study site indicate that there is an acidity problem in the soil. This acidity may limit soil productivity and crop yield. As a result, amendments such as lime, biochar, FYM, compost, vermicompost, inorganic fertilisers, and their combinations should be required to reduce acidity, resulting in sustainable agriculture.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚西南部 Ifa Galano 微流域土壤形态理化性质的比较分析

摘要

有效的土壤管理需要了解土壤形态和理化特性。土壤的详细描述、表征和分类是土壤管理的重要标准。本研究的目的是评估 Sayo 地区 Ifa Galano 微流域土壤的形态、物理和化学特性。打开四个踏板并分析具体参数以实现这些目标。在实地研究土壤的形态特性并在实验室研究土壤的理化特性后，对土壤进行分类。踏板深度超过150厘米。除 4 号土壤外，表层土壤结构呈颗粒状，稠度从脆到硬，质地为粘土。土壤被分类为极强酸性至中酸性，有机碳含量低至中等。研究土壤全氮含量由低到高，且随深度增加而降低，土壤速效磷由低到低。土壤 CEC 较高，而 PBS 范围从低到中等。大多数提取的微量营养素都很高或非常高，但铜除外，几乎所有植物中的铜含量都很低。基于确定的形态、物理和化学特性；研究的土壤土壤被分类为Hyperdystric Nitisols（pedon 1和4）、Umbric Nitisols（pedon 2）和Rhodic Alisols（pedon 3）。一般来说，场地的深度、土地利用类型和地形影响大部分选定的土壤特性。研究地点土壤的pH值读数表明土壤存在酸性问题。这种酸度可能会限制土壤生产力和作物产量。因此，需要使用石灰、生物炭、FYM、堆肥、蚯蚓粪、无机肥料及其组合等改良剂来降低酸度，从而实现可持续农业。