Battery-less devices offer potential solutions for maintaining sustainable Internet of Things (IoT) networks. However, limited energy harvesting capacity can lead to power failures, limiting the system’s quality of service (QoS). To improve timely task progress, we present ETIME, a scheduling framework that enables energy-efficient communication for intermittent-powered IoT devices. To maximize energy efficiency while meeting the timely requirements of intermittent systems, we first model the relationship between insufficient harvesting energy and task behavior time. We then propose a method for predicting response times for battery-less devices. Considering both delays from multiple task interference and insufficient system energy, we introduce a dynamic wake-up strategy to improve timely task progress. Additionally, to minimize power consumption from connection components, we propose a dynamic connection interval adjustment to provide energy-efficient communication. The proposed algorithms are implemented in a lightweight operating system on real devices. Experimental results show that our approach can significantly improve progress for timely applications while maintaining task progress.

无电池设备为维护可持续的物联网 (IoT)网络提供了潜在的解决方案。然而，有限的能量收集能力可能会导致电源故障，从而限制系统的服务质量（QoS）。为了提高任务进度的及时性，我们推出了 ETIME，这是一种调度框架，可为间歇供电的物联网设备提供节能通信。为了最大限度地提高能源效率，同时满足间歇系统的及时要求，我们首先对收集能量不足和任务行为时间之间的关系进行建模。然后，我们提出了一种预测无电池设备响应时间的方法。考虑到多任务干扰造成的延迟和系统能量不足，我们引入了动态唤醒策略来提高任务进度的及时性。此外，为了最大限度地减少连接组件的功耗，我们提出了动态连接间隔调整以提供节能通信。所提出的算法在真实设备上的轻量级操作系统中实现。实验结果表明，我们的方法可以显着提高及时应用程序的进度，同时保持任务进度。