A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to quantitatively summarise the association between measures of cognitive abilities (e.g., neuropsychological and clinical measures, and risk assessments with a cognitive component) and violent outcomes. After acknowledging that existing reviews in this area have largely focused on executive functions and specific diagnostic groups only, the review adopted a broader approach, first examining factors which differentiate violent from non-violent offenders (part one), followed by separately analysing the neuropsychological correlates of violence (part two). Forty-two studies were included in the analyses, and 12 individual neuropsychological domains were examined in part one, and five in part two. The findings from this study revealed a large range of effect sizes with wide confidence intervals, highlighting significant heterogeneity due to methodological differences between studies, calling for a consensus to be reached on the neuropsychological risk factors which are most relevant to violence risk, to bring more focus and specificity to the literature. Measures of impulsivity, inattention, and lack of insight boasted significant correlations with prospectively measured violent outcomes, revealing their potential to add a small amount of incremental validity to existing risk assessments.

进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以定量总结认知能力测量（例如，神经心理学和临床测量，以及认知成分的风险评估）与暴力结果之间的关联。在承认这一领域的现有审查主要集中在执行功能和特定诊断群体之后，该审查采用了更广泛的方法，首先检查区分暴力犯罪者与非暴力犯罪者的因素（第一部分），然后单独分析神经心理学相关因素暴力（第二部分）。分析中纳入了 42 项研究，第一部分检查了 12 个单独的神经心理学领域，第二部分检查了 5 个研究。这项研究的结果揭示了大范围的效应大小和宽置信区间，强调由于研究之间的方法学差异而导致的显着异质性，呼吁就与暴力风险最相关的神经心理风险因素达成共识，以使文献更加集中和具体。对冲动、注意力不集中和缺乏洞察力的测量与前瞻性测量的暴力结果存在显着相关性，这表明它们有可能为现有风险评估增加少量增量有效性。