Many education policies in low income countries impose eligibility limits, and these can generate household responses that distribute educational investments across children. In this paper, I study the effects of eligibility limits in the context of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) reform in Uganda. The program abolished elementary school fees for up to four children per household, with families paying fees on each additional child. Depending on the composition of children and their age at the onset of the reform, the policy generates costs for primary school that vary both within and across households. Children that are eligible for the tuition waiver but live in households with ineligible siblings complete fewer years of schooling. I estimate that the presence of ineligible siblings wiped out almost half of the overall impact of the UPE reform on educational attainment, with the effects concentrated among the poorest households. Household responses to the subsidy program are similar to those found in other types of schooling programs such as conditional cash transfers.

低收入国家的许多教育政策都规定了资格限制，这些政策可以产生家庭反应，将教育投资分配给儿童。在本文中，我研究了普及初等教育背景下资格限制的影响（UPE）乌干达改革。该计划取消了每个家庭最多四个孩子的小学学费，家庭为每增加一个孩子支付学费。根据改革开始时儿童的构成和年龄，该政策产生的小学费用在家庭内部和家庭之间都有所不同。有资格获得学费减免但生活在有不符合资格的兄弟姐妹的家庭中的儿童完成学业的年限较少。我估计，不符合资格的兄弟姐妹的存在消除了 UPE 改革对教育程度总体影响的近一半，其影响集中在最贫困的家庭。家庭对补贴计划的反应与其他类型的学校教育计划（例如有条件现金转移支付）的反应类似。