Classic biphasic pulmonary blastoma (CBPB), a distinct type of lung cancer, is a dual-phasic tumor characterized by the co-existence of low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma and primitive mesenchymal stroma. Accounting for less than 0.1% of surgically removed lung cancers, CBPB commonly presents in individuals during their fourth to fifth decades of life, with smoking as a significant risk factor. The optimal management strategy entails surgical resection, supplemented by chemotherapy to improve prognosis. The frontline chemotherapeutic agents typically include platinum agents and etoposide, with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy potentially enabling operability for initially inoperable cases. In recent years, targeted therapies, such as antiangiogenic agents, have emerged as promising new treatment strategies for CBPB. For patients exhibiting brain metastases or deemed inoperable, radiation therapy proves to be a crucial therapeutic component. CBPB prognosis is adversely affected by factors such as early metastasis, tumor size exceeding 5 cm, and tumor recurrence. In this regard, serological markers have been identified as valuable prognostic indicators. To exemplify, we recount the case of a 44-year-old female patient with CBPB, wherein serum lactate dehydrogenase levels showed significant diagnostic value. This report further incorporates a comprehensive review of CBPB literature from the past 22 years.

中文翻译：

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经典双相性肺母细胞瘤：2000年至2022年病例报告及文献复习

经典双相性肺母细胞瘤（CBPB）是肺癌的一种独特类型，是一种双相肿瘤，其特征是低级别胎儿腺癌和原始间充质基质共存。CBPB 占手术切除肺癌的不到 0.1%，通常出现在 40 至 50 岁的个体中，吸烟是一个重要的危险因素。最佳的治疗策略是手术切除，辅以化疗以改善预后。一线化疗药物通常包括铂类药物和依托泊苷，术前新辅助化疗可能使最初无法手术的病例能够进行手术。近年来，靶向治疗（例如抗血管生成药物）已成为 CBPB 有前途的新治疗策略。对于出现脑转移或被认为无法手术的患者，放射治疗被证明是一个重要的治疗组成部分。CBPB预后受到早​​期转移、肿瘤大小超过5cm、肿瘤复发等因素的不利影响。在这方面，血清学标志物已被确定为有价值的预后指标。为了举例说明，我们回顾了一名 44 岁女性 CBPB 患者的病例，其中血清乳酸脱氢酶水平显示出显着的诊断价值。本报告进一步综合回顾了过去 22 年的 CBPB 文献。