Integrodifference equations are a discrete-time spatially explicit model that describes the dispersal of ecological populations through space. This framework is useful to study spread dynamics of organisms and how ecological interactions can affect their spread. When studying interactions such as consumption, dispersal rates might vary with life cycle stage, such as in cases with dispersive juveniles and sessile adults. In the non-dispersive stage, resources may engage in group defense to protect themselves from consumption. These local nondispersive interactions may limit the number of dispersing recruits that are produced and therefore affect how fast populations can spread. We present a spatial consumer-resource system using an integrodifference framework with limited movement of their adult stages and group defense mechanisms in the resource population. We model group defense using a Type IV Holling functional response, which limits the survival of adult resource population and enhances juvenile consumer production. We find that high mortality levels for sessile adults can destabilize resource at carrying capacity. Furthermore, we find that at high resource densities, group defense leads to a slower local growth of resource in newly invaded regions due to intraspecific competition outweighing the effect of consumption on resource growth.

积分差分方程是一种离散时间空间显式模型，描述生态种群在空间中的扩散。该框架可用于研究生物体的传播动态以及生态相互作用如何影响其传播。在研究消费等相互作用时，扩散率可能会随着生命周期阶段的不同而变化，例如在分散的幼虫和无柄成虫的情况下。在非分散阶段，资源可能会进行群体防御以保护自己不被消耗。这些局部的非分散相互作用可能会限制分散的新成员的数量，从而影响种群传播的速度。我们提出了一个空间消费者资源系统，使用积分差异框架，其成年阶段的运动有限，并且资源群体中的群体防御机制。我们使用 IV 型 Holling 功能反应来模拟群体防御，这限制了成年资源种群的生存并提高了青少年消费者的生产。我们发现无柄成虫的高死亡率会破坏资源的承载能力。此外，我们发现，在高资源密度下，由于种内竞争超过了消耗对资源增长的影响，群体防御导致新入侵地区资源的局部增长放缓。我们发现无柄成虫的高死亡率会破坏资源的承载能力。此外，我们发现，在高资源密度下，由于种内竞争超过了消耗对资源增长的影响，群体防御导致新入侵地区资源的局部增长放缓。我们发现无柄成虫的高死亡率会破坏资源的承载能力。此外，我们发现，在高资源密度下，由于种内竞争超过了消耗对资源增长的影响，群体防御导致新入侵地区资源的局部增长放缓。