Globally, 1.7 billion cases of childhood diarrheal disease occur every year. The Government of India initiated the Intensive Diarrhea Control Fortnight (IDCF) program in 2015 aimed to reduce childhood diarrheal deaths to zero. We aimed to ascertain the association between WASH practices and the prevalence of diarrhea in India's children under three years of age. We analyzed the data from the NFHS-5 survey conducted between 2019 and 2021. We extracted data on household and individual levels. The association between WASH practice in the household and diarrheal episodes in children <3 years old were presented by unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). We used STATA v 16 for analysis. We included 132,198 children, 8.4% (n = 11,060) had diarrhea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey. The majority of the children were residing in rural areas (79.8%) and using unprotected water (90%) sources. Diarrhea was associated with using shared toilet facilities (adj. PR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.34), improper disposal of child's stools (adj. PR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.20) and having no separate kitchen (adj. PR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.23). Household WASH practices continue to be independent predictors of diarrhea among <3 children.

全球每年发生 17 亿儿童腹泻病例。印度政府于 2015 年启动了强化腹泻控制两周 (IDCF) 计划，旨在将儿童腹泻死亡人数降至零。我们的目的是确定 WASH 实践与印度三岁以下儿童腹泻患病率之间的关系。我们分析了 2019 年至 2021 年间进行的 NFHS-5 调查的数据。我们提取了家庭和个人层面的数据。家庭中的 WASH 实践与 3 岁以下儿童腹泻发作之间的关联通过未调整和调整后的患病率 (PR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI) 来表示。我们使用 STATA v 16 进行分析。我们纳入了 132,198 名儿童，占 8.4%（n= 11,060) 在调查前 2 周内曾腹泻。大多数儿童居住在农村地区（79.8%），使用未受保护的水源（90%）。腹泻与使用共用厕所设施（调整 PR：1.28，95% CI：1.17，1.34）、儿童粪便处理不当（调整 PR：1.12，95% CI：1.05，1.20）以及没有单独的厨房有关（调整 PR：1.28，95% CI：1.17，1.34）调整 PR：1.16，95% CI：1.08，1.23）。家庭 WASH 实践仍然是 3 岁以下儿童腹泻的独立预测因素。