In regions suffering from water scarcity, residents commonly employ several coping strategies such as the use of multiple water sources, water storage and water sharing and borrowing. This study applies a hierarchical linear regression model to investigate the physical (i.e. water source and supply time) and non-physical (i.e. number of families, wealth status, education for household head, house ownership, water treatment and community involvement) factors associated with individual water consumption throughout the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. During the baseline period (dry season before the 2015 Gorkha earthquake), the average water consumption was 91 litre/capita/day (LPCD) but there was a regional disparity in water consumption, ranging from 16 to 158 LPCD. The statistical analysis indicated that households using many water sources consumed more water regardless of the supply area even in an emergency. In addition, households with many family members used less water per person. During emergencies, households participating in the local community were found to consume more water than households not participating in the community, especially when the water being used was managed by the community.

在缺水地区，居民普遍采取多种应对策略，如使用多种水源、储水、共享和借水等。本研究应用层次线性回归模型来研究与水源和供水时间相关的物理因素（即水源和供应时间）和非物理因素（即家庭数量、财富状况、户主受教育程度、房屋所有权、水处理和社区参与）。尼泊尔加德满都谷地的个人用水量。在基准期（2015 年廓尔喀地震前的旱季），平均用水量为 91 升/人/天 (LPCD)，但用水量存在地区差异，从 16 到 158 LPCD 不等。统计分析表明，无论供水区域如何，使用多种水源的家庭消耗的水量更多，即使在紧急情况下也是如此。此外，家庭成员较多的家庭人均用水量较少。在紧急情况期间，参与当地社区的家庭被发现比未参与社区的家庭消耗更多的水，特别是当所使用的水由社区管理时。