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Sanitation programming success depends on users being satisfied with the proposed sanitation system and bathroom design. Past studies have described some households being dissatisfied with their current bathrooms and unwilling to accept a new bathroom because it is not modern; however, few studies have investigated how households define modern. To best support households in adopting improved sanitation infrastructure, or infrastructure that hygienically separates human waste from human contact, there is a need to understand characteristics associated with modern bathrooms and if modern encompasses more than the sanitation infrastructure. This study systematically identified characteristics associated with modern bathrooms across multiple sanitation infrastructure types. 305 households near Cascas, Peru, an area with diverse bathroom designs that have unimproved and improved sanitation infrastructure access, were surveyed to capture perceptions of modern. Results demonstrate that households often perceive a modern bathroom as one with a sitting-style toilet, a sink, and a shower. Most households did not associate sanitation infrastructure type with their definition of modern; however, all modern bathrooms had improved sanitation infrastructure. Future work should expand and test this definition of modern in other contexts to support future adoption of improved sanitation.

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卫生规划的成功取决于用户对拟议的卫生系统和浴室设计的满意度。过去的研究表明，一些家庭对现有的浴室不满意，并且不愿意接受新的浴室，因为它不现代化；然而，很少有研究调查家庭如何定义现代。为了最好地支持家庭采用改进的卫生基础设施，或将人类排泄物与人类接触卫生分开的基础设施，有必要了解与现代浴室相关的特征，以及现代浴室是否不仅仅包含卫生基础设施。这项研究系统地确定了与现代相关的特征多种卫生基础设施类型的浴室。秘鲁卡斯卡斯附近的 305 个家庭接受了调查，以了解他们对现代浴室的看法，该地区的浴室设计多种多样，卫生基础设施有未改善和已改善的情况。结果表明，家庭通常认为现代浴室配有坐式马桶、水槽和淋浴。大多数家庭没有将卫生基础设施类型与他们对现代化的定义联系起来；然而，所有现代化的浴室都改善了卫生基础设施。未来的工作应该在其他情况下扩展和测试现代的这一定义，以支持未来采用改进的卫生设施。