Radiotherapy (RT) has been the standard of care for treating a multitude of cancer types. Radiation-induced gastric injury (RIGI) is a common complication of RT for thoracic and abdominal tumors. It manifests acutely as radiation gastritis or gastric ulcers, and chronically as chronic atrophic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia. In recent years, studies have shown that intracellular signals such as oxidative stress response, p38/MAPK pathway and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway are involved in the progression of RIGI. This review also summarized the risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of this disease. However, the root of therapeutic challenges lies in the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms. Here, we also highlight the potential mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic directions of RIGI.

中文翻译：

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放疗期间放射性胃损伤的分子机制和临床治疗

放射治疗 (RT) 已成为治疗多种癌症类型的标准治疗方法。放射性胃损伤（RIGI）是胸部和腹部肿瘤放疗的常见并发症。急性表现为放射性胃炎或胃溃疡，慢性表现为慢性萎缩性胃炎或肠化生。近年来研究表明，氧化应激反应、p38/MAPK通路、转化生长因子-β信号通路等细胞内信号参与RIGI的进展。本综述还总结了该病的危险因素、诊断和治疗。然而，治疗挑战的根源在于对其机制的不完全理解。在这里，我们还强调了 RIGI 的潜在机制、诊断和治疗方向。