The concept of workplace safety and health has focused largely on preventing accidents and on minimizing hazardous exposures. However, because workers spend a substantial part of their waking hours at the workplace, the potential to influence the health of a large proportion of the world's population through the workplace is enormous. The opportunities to carry out health promotion and chronic disease prevention activities at the workplace are countless, including ( a) health screening; ( b) tobacco cessation activities; ( c) the promotion of healthy food choices and weight loss; ( d) active breaks with physical exercise in terms of microexercise, enhancement of infrastructure, and organization of work tasks to facilitate incidental physical activity; and ( e) routine vaccinations. This review discusses the key factors necessary to implement health promotion and chronic disease prevention programs at the workplace and discusses the different foci and possibilities with respect to the differing nature of work for the blue- versus white-collar workforce.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 45 is April 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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工作场所的健康促进和慢性病预防

工作场所安全和健康的概念主要集中在预防事故和尽量减少危险暴露。然而，由于工人醒着的大部分时间都在工作场所度过，因此通过工作场所影响世界大部分人口健康的潜力是巨大的。在工作场所开展健康促进和慢性病预防活动的机会无数，包括（a）健康检查； (b) 戒烟活动； (c) 促进健康食品选择和减肥； (d) 在微量运动、加强基础设施和安排工作任务方面积极休息，以促进附带的身体活动； (e) 常规疫苗接种。本综述讨论了在工作场所实施健康促进和慢性病预防计划所需的关键因素，并讨论了蓝领与白领劳动力不同工作性质的不同焦点和可能性。预计最终在线发布日期《公共卫生年度回顾》第 45 卷将于 2024 年 4 月发布。请参阅 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates 了解修订后的估计值。