Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) represents a collaborative vision shared by NASA, regulatory agencies, and global industry leaders, aimed at establishing a robust and reliable air transportation ecosystem, which is expected to facilitate safe and efficient movement of both people and cargo within urban, suburban, and regional environments. This paper presents a holistic review and analysis encompassing various aircraft designs, including different propulsion system designs and architectures (electric, hybrid electric, turboelectric, etc.), for different AAM aircraft applications, and state-of-the-art air traffic management, cybersecurity, and infrastructure strategies. Recent academic and industry literature on these aspects is critically reviewed and summarized, and a compilation of the aircraft models currently in development is also provided. The aircraft designs are categorized into a set of core groups, which include lift + cruise, tilt-wing, tiltrotor, multirotor, and rotorcraft, to analyze the existing literature systematically. For each of these core groups, literature on different propulsion system designs and architectures is reviewed and analyzed. Next, these core groups, including their variations based on propulsion system designs and architectures, are analyzed through a set of evaluation lenses. This provides a comprehensive insight into their respective strengths, weakness, and gaps in design considerations. The identified lenses include range and payload, performance, environmental impact, feasibility, traffic and infrastructure, noise, vehicle safety, and cybersecurity. Finally, directions for future research in AAM aircraft and overall ecosystem development are identified. In general, a more in-depth, quantitative analysis on the various evaluation lenses identified in this study and appropriate consideration to all these evaluation lenses at the design and development stage are highly recommended. This type of holistic approach will drive AAM aircraft designs towards convergence and help build an efficient, affordable, and sustainable AAM ecosystem.

先进空中交通 (AAM) 代表了 NASA、监管机构和全球行业领导者共同的协作愿景，旨在建立强大而可靠的航空运输生态系统，预计将促进城市内人员和货物的安全高效移动，郊区和区域环境。本文对各种飞机设计进行了全面回顾和分析，包括针对不同 AAM 飞机应用的不同推进系统设计和架构（电动、混合电动、涡轮电动等）以及最先进的空中交通管理，网络安全和基础设施战略。最近关于这些方面的学术和行业文献进行了批判性的回顾和总结，并提供了当前正在开发的飞机模型的汇编。将飞机设计分为一组核心组，包括升力+巡航、倾转翼、倾转旋翼机、多旋翼机和旋翼机，以系统地分析现有文献。对于每个核心组，对不同推进系统设计和架构的文献进行了回顾和分析。接下来，通过一组评估镜头对这些核心组（包括它们基于推进系统设计和架构的变化）进行分析。这可以全面了解它们在设计考虑方面各自的优势、劣势和差距。确定的镜头包括范围和有效载荷、性能、环境影响、可行性、交通和基础设施、噪声、车辆安全和网络安全。最后，确定了 AAM 飞机和整体生态系统发展的未来研究方向。一般来说，强烈建议对本研究中确定的各种评估镜头进行更深入的定量分析，并在设计和开发阶段适当考虑所有这些评估镜头。这种整体方法将推动 AAM 飞机设计走向融合，并有助于建立高效、经济且可持续的 AAM 生态系统。