Toscana virus is a sandfly-borne human pathogen belonging to Phlebovirus genus into Phenuiviridae family. It is emerging in north Africa posing a complex threat to public health. TOSV is heavily affecting sandfly-exposed people in northern Algeria. A larger distribution has recently been stated in Algeria by using dog sera. Dog exposure to TOSV was repeatedly identified in north Algeria, with 4.56% lately detected to possess respective neutralizing antibodies. However, evidence for TOSV has only been observed in dogs among various species of domestic animals. Therefore, we attempted to assess sera from 221 livestock comprising cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits and horses, to identify the presence of TOSV neutralizing antibodies. The study was conducted during 2017, in 11 areas from the governorates of Blida, Medea, Algiers, Tipaza, Ain Defla, Tissemsilt in the north center, and Setif, Mila, Tizi Ouzou, Jijel in the northeast of Algeria. Positive results were obtained in 14.6% (12/82) cattle, 17.18% (11/64) sheep, 15% (3/20) horses and 3.33% (1/30) goats, whereas rabbits remained negative. Positive samples originated mainly from the north centre, with new areas being first-ever detected. The seroprevalence was noticed to be very strongly related to sample origin (p < 0.01). Females (OR=4.09) were observed to be more likely infected. Our findings represent a further proof of TOSV circulation in Algeria. Moreover, they revealed a potential role of livestock (p = 0.00731) in its natural cycle. This fact emphasize how important is to elucidate the exact contribution of livestock to the epidemiology of sandfly-borne phleboviruses, and their impact on public health.

托斯卡纳病毒是白蛉传播的人类病原体，属于苯病毒科白蛉病毒属。它正在北非出现，对公共健康构成复杂的威胁。TOSV 严重影响阿尔及利亚北部白蛉暴露人群。最近在阿尔及利亚通过使用狗血清进行了更大规模的分布。在阿尔及利亚北部，多次发现狗接触 TOSV，最近检测到 4.56% 的狗拥有各自的中和抗体。然而，TOSV 的证据仅在各种家养动物的狗中观察到。因此，我们尝试评估 221 只家畜（包括牛、绵羊、山羊、兔子和马）的血清，以确定 TOSV 中和抗体的存在。该研究于 2017 年在阿尔及利亚中部的布利达、美狄亚、阿尔及尔、蒂帕扎、艾因德夫拉、蒂塞姆西尔特省以及阿尔及利亚东北部的塞提夫、米拉、蒂齐乌祖、吉杰勒省的 11 个地区进行。14.6%（12/82）牛、17.18%（11/64）绵羊、15%（3/20）马和3.33%（1/30）山羊获得阳性结果，而兔子仍呈阴性。阳性样本主要来自北部中心，并且首次发现了新的区域。注意到血清阳性率与样本来源密切相关（p < 0.01）。据观察，女性（OR=4.09）更有可能被感染。我们的发现进一步证明了 TOSV 在阿尔及利亚的流通。此外，他们还揭示了牲畜在其自然循环中的潜在作用（p = 0.00731）。这一事实强调了阐明牲畜对白蛉传播白蛉病毒流行病学的确切贡献及其对公众健康的影响是多么重要。