Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling mental condition that poses recurring bothersome intrusive thoughts, obsessions, and compulsions. Considering the positive impact of probiotics on neuropsychiatric disorders, herein, we investigated the effect of multistrain probiotic (Bifidobacterium lactis UBBLa-70, Bacillus coagulans Unique IS-2, Lactobacillus rhamnosus UBLR-58, Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP-40, Bifidobacterium infantis UBBI-01, Bifidobacterium breve UBBr-01, and glutamine) in the management of OCD-like phenotype in rats. Rats injected with quinpirole for 5 weeks showed an increased number of marble burying and self-grooming episodes. Quinpirole-injected animals also did less head dipping in the hole board test and avoided exploration of open spaces in the elevated-plus maze. These repetitive, compulsive, self-directed, and anxiety-like phenotypes were abolished after 8-week of multistrain probiotic treatment. The probiotic formulation also prevented the elevated mRNA expression of interleukin-6, tumor-necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein in the amygdala and dysregulated levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, and noradrenaline in the frontal cortex of quinpirole-injected rats. The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the frontal cortex remained unaffected across the groups. The altered levels of goblet cells and crypt-to-villi ratio in quinpirole rats were prevented by multistrain probiotic treatment. The results of 16S-rRNA gene-sequencing of gut microbiota from feces contents revealed an elevation in the abundance of Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium species (specifically Bifidobacterium animalis), while the presence of Lactobacillus species (including Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus vaginalis) exhibited a decline in quinpirole-induced rats. These results imply that modifying the gut-brain axis may be a possible mechanism by which selective multistrain probiotic therapy prevents OCD-like behaviors.

强迫症 (OCD) 是一种致残性精神疾病，会反复出现令人烦恼的侵入性想法、强迫观念和强迫行为。考虑到益生菌对神经精神疾病的积极影响，本文研究了多菌株益生菌（乳双歧杆菌UBBLa-70、凝结芽孢杆菌Unique IS-2、鼠李糖乳杆菌UBLR-58、植物乳杆菌UBLP-40、婴儿双歧杆菌UBBI-01）的作用、短双歧杆菌UBBr-01 和谷氨酰胺）在管理大鼠强迫症样表型中的作用。注射喹吡罗5 周的老鼠表现出大理石埋藏和自我梳理行为的次数增加。注射喹吡罗的动物在洞板测试中也较少低头，并避免探索高架迷宫中的开放空间。经过 8 周的多菌株益生菌治疗后，这些重复的、强迫性的、自我导向的和焦虑样的表型被消除。益生菌制剂还可以防止注射喹吡罗的大鼠杏仁核中白介素 6、肿瘤坏死因子 α 和 C 反应蛋白 mRNA 表达升高，以及额叶皮质中5-羟色胺、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素水平失调。。各组额叶皮层中脑源性神经营养因子的水平并未受到影响。多菌株益生菌治疗可防止喹吡罗大鼠杯状细胞水平和隐窝与绒毛比率的改变。对粪便内容物肠道微生物群进行 16S-rRNA 基因测序的结果显示，异杆菌和双歧杆菌（特别是动物双歧杆菌）的丰度有所增加，而乳杆菌（包括罗伊氏乳杆菌和阴道乳杆菌）的丰度则有所下降。喹吡罗诱导的大鼠。这些结果表明，改变肠-脑轴可能是选择性多菌株益生菌疗法预防强迫症样行为的一种可能机制。