High levels of concerns about immigration pose a threat to the successful integration of immigrants and may even destabilize heterogeneous societies. This study assesses the mechanisms underlying the association between subjective well-being and concerns about immigration. The analyses rely on the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (1999-2017), a long-running data set that follows individuals over time with a total of 60,319 respondents and 329,556 person-year observations. Individuals who are on average more satisfied with their income, housing situation, and life overall are less concerned about consequences stemming from immigration. The impact of changes in subjective well-being reaches beyond the influence of objective well-being; moreover, if the same individuals become less satisfied with any one of these life dimensions, their concerns about immigration increase. In turn, an increase in satisfaction is followed by a decline of immigration-based concerns. These results imply that political measures that strengthen resilience and foster coping mechanisms are critical to reducing concerns about immigration, cultivating societal integration.

中文翻译：

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幸福的自由化效应？主观幸福感不同维度的改善和恶化对移民担忧的影响

对移民的高度关注对移民的成功融入构成威胁，甚至可能破坏异质社会的稳定。本研究评估了主观幸福感与移民担忧之间关联的潜在机制。这些分析依赖于德国社会经济小组研究（1999-2017），这是一个长期运行的数据集，跟踪个人随时间的变化，共有 60,319 名受访者和 329,556 人年观察。平均而言，对自己的收入、住房状况和整体生活更加满意的个人不太担心移民带来的后果。主观幸福感变化的影响超出了客观幸福感的影响；此外，如果同一个人对这些生活维度中的任何一个变得不太满意，他们对移民的担忧增加。反过来，满意度的提高随之而来的是对移民的担忧的减少。这些结果表明，加强抵御能力和培育应对机制的政治措施对于减少对移民的担忧、促进社会融合至关重要。