Global change has led to significant impacts on ecosystem services, posing a threat to the livelihoods of local communities worldwide. It is essential to assess these services to integrate them into regional planning, and policy design. We conduct ecosystem services assessments to inform spatial decision-making in a transboundary catchment. We focus on Mira-Mataje (11617 km²) transboundary catchment as an example of a natural unit, rich in natural resources that hosts an important cultural heritage of Indigenous and Afro-descendant ethnic groups.

We utilize three dimensions to evaluate ecosystem services: Firstly, the monetary dimension; secondly, the biophysical relevance, including current pressures and future threats; and thirdly, the social dimension. We combine globally available economic and remotely sensed datasets with the spatial ecosystem services modeling and mapping tool, Co$tingNature, and local knowledge and worldviews from community leaders.

Our results show that the total valuation of ecosystem services in the catchment is USD 2013344397 per year, with pixel values ranging from 3.7 to 4905783. High values concentrated near cities and main roads. We found that monetary values and current pressures on ecosystems services are correlated to total potential services for the entire catchment (-0.58 and −0.4 respectively). In addition, with our multidimensional assessment, we distinguish areas that require different types of management due to their specificities. For instance, the Awá territories hosts the largest total potential services, and will face greater threats in the future. This demonstrates the community's capacity to maintain the natural resources, but a more efficient control of illegal and unsustainable external activities is necessary. Afro-descendant territories on the highlands show overexploitation of its natural resources. Territories and land ownership must be recognized and to promote the transition to sustainable production. We provide advances in the research on the services valuation for potential integration into differentiated regional planning and sustainable policies.

全球变化对生态系统服务产生了重大影响，对全世界当地社区的生计构成威胁。必须评估这些服务，将其纳入区域规划和政策设计。我们进行生态系统服务评估，为跨境流域的空间决策提供信息。我们重点关注 Mira-Mataje (11617 km ² ) 跨界流域作为自然单元的一个例子，该单元拥有丰富的自然资源，拥有土著和非洲人后裔群体的重要文化遗产。

我们利用三个维度来评估生态系统服务：一是货币维度；其次，生物物理相关性，包括当前的压力和未来的威胁；第三，社会层面。我们将全球可用的经济和遥感数据集与空间生态系统服务建模和绘图工具 Co$tingNature 以及社区领袖的当地知识和世界观相结合。

结果表明，流域内生态系统服务总估值为每年2013344397美元，像素值范围为3.7至4905783。高价值集中在城市和主要道路附近。我们发现生态系统服务的货币价值和当前压力与整个流域的总潜在服务相关（分别为-0.58 和-0.4）。此外，通过多维度评估，我们根据其特殊性区分需要不同类型管理的领域。例如，阿瓦地区拥有最大的潜在服务总量，未来将面临更大的威胁。这表明了社区维护自然资源的能力，但有必要更有效地控制非法和不可持续的外部活动。高地的非洲人后裔领土显示出对其自然资源的过度开发。领土和土地所有权必须得到承认并促进向可持续生产的过渡。我们在服务评估研究方面取得进展，以便有可能融入差异化的区域规划和可持续政策。