Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic, some patients will develop the symptoms, especially pregnant women, the elderly, and patients with preexisting liver diseases, who often experience anorexia, nausea, vomiting, malaise, abdominal pain, and jaundice. HEV infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed individuals. In addition, HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic manifestations. HEV exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across species. Hence, animals susceptible to HEV can be used as models. The establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission, clinical symptoms, extrahepatic manifestations, and therapeutic strategies, which will help us understand the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of hepatitis E. This review summarized the animal models of HEV, including pigs, monkeys, rabbits, mice, rats, and other animals. For each animal species, we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with, the cross-species transmission pathways, as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations, prevention, and treatment of HEV infection. The advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also emphasized. This review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.

戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是全世界急性病毒性肝炎的主要原因之一。虽然大多数HEV感染无症状，但有些患者会出现症状，特别是孕妇、老年人和已有肝病的患者，经常出现厌食、恶心、呕吐、全身不适、腹痛和黄疸等症状。在免疫抑制个体中，HEV 感染可能会变成慢性感染。此外，HEV感染还可引起多种肝外表现。HEV广泛存在于自然界的宿主中，并且可以跨物种传播。因此，易感染HEV的动物可以用作模型。动物模型的建立对于研究戊型肝炎的传播、临床症状、肝外表现和治疗策略具有重要意义，有助于我们了解戊型肝炎的发病机制、预防和治疗。本文对戊型肝炎的动物模型进行了综述，包括猪、猴、兔、小鼠、大鼠和其他动物。对于每个动物物种，我们简要总结了它们可能感染的 HEV 基因型、跨物种传播途径，以及它们在研究 HEV 感染的肝外表现、预防和治疗中的作用。还强调了这些动物模型的优点和缺点。这篇综述提供了新的视角，以增强当前对 HEV 动物模型研究前景的理解。