‘Just transition’ is a concept originally developed by the labour movement to reconcile workers’ rights with the necessity to combat climate change. More recently, supra- and international organisations have also adopted this idea. However, it remains unclear to what extent these actors follow the eco-social ambitions of organised labour. In this article, we develop a conceptual framework to capture diverse just transition approaches by distinguishing between the goal, policy, and governance dimension. We apply a multi-method approach to gauge the extent of variation in the just transition conceptualisations of three actors: the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the European Union (EU). We identify a cleavage between the ILO where just transition refers to an ambitious eco-social agenda on the one hand, and the IMF’s emphasis on macroeconomic adaptation on the other. The EU takes up a middle position by promoting a ‘green growth’ strategy with medium emphasis on environmental and social risk mitigation.

“公正转型”是劳工运动最初提出的一个概念，旨在协调工人的权利与应对气候变化的必要性。最近，超前和国际组织也采纳了这一想法。然而，目前尚不清楚这些行为者在多大程度上追随有组织劳工的生态社会雄心。在本文中，我们开发了一个概念框架，通过区分目标、政策和治理维度来捕获不同的公正转型方法。我们采用多种方法来衡量三个参与者的公正转型概念的变化程度：国际劳工组织（ILO）、国际货币基金组织（IMF）和欧盟（EU）。我们发现，国际劳工组织的“公正转型”一方面是指雄心勃勃的生态社会议程，另一方面是国际货币基金组织对宏观经济适应的强调。欧盟采取中间立场，推行“绿色增长”战略，重点关注环境和社会风险缓解。