Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have become part of numerous electrical and electronic systems such as lighting, displays, status indicator lamps and wearable electronics. Owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties and deposition via simple solution process, metal halide perovskites possess unique potential for developing halide perovskite-based LEDs (PeLEDs) with superior photoluminescence efficiencies leading to external quantum efficiencies beyond 20% for PeLEDS. However, the limited durability, high operative voltages, and challenges of scale-up are persisting barriers in achieving required technology readiness levels. To build up the existing knowledge and raise the device performance this review provides a state-of-the-art study on the properties, film and device fabrication, efficiency, and stability of PeLEDs. In terms of commercialization, PeLEDs need to overcome materials and device challenges including stability, ion migration, phase segregation, and joule heating, which are discussed in this review. We hope, discussions about the strategies to overcome the stability issues and enhancement the materials intrinsic properties towards development more stable and efficient optoelectronic devices can pave the way for scalability and cost-effective production of PeLEDs.

中文翻译：

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卤化物钙钛矿在发光器件中的潜力和前景

发光二极管 (LED) 已成为众多电气和电子系统的一部分，例如照明、显示器、状态指示灯和可穿戴电子产品。由于其优异的光电性能和通过简单的溶液工艺进行沉积，金属卤化物钙钛矿具有开发卤化物钙钛矿基 LED (PeLED) 的独特潜力，该 LED 具有卓越的光致发光效率，导致 PeLEDS 的外部量子效率超过 20%。然而，有限的耐用性、高工作电压和扩大规模的挑战是实现所需技术准备水平的持续障碍。为了积累现有知识并提高器件性能，本综述对 PeLED 的特性、薄膜和器件制造、效率和稳定性进行了最先进的研究。在商业化方面，PeLED 需要克服材料和器件的挑战，包括稳定性、离子迁移、相分离和焦耳热，这些都是本综述中讨论的。我们希望，关于克服稳定性问题和增强材料固有特性以开发更稳定、更高效的光电器件的策略的讨论可以为 PeLED 的可扩展性和经济高效的生产铺平道路。