This article focuses on production cycles of traditional embroidery making (yaka) in Turkmenistan. In Turkmenistan, yaka is a key element in the national dress for women's everyday wear and since the process of the embroidery making is often handmade, the distribution of yaka and the networks of producing and dealing this essential apparel offer a rich ethnographic context. The article focuses on the study of resellers and dealers who control the market flow and the precarious labor of those women who produce this highly valued handmade product in villages and households and then resell them at the major bazaar hubs in the central cities. At each stage, there is a quality, price and “tradition” control—whether the product adheres to the constructed but widely shared idea of the “national dress.” These relations are also imbued with logics of the gendered economy of respect for work and mutual help given the precarious circumstances of each individual yaka-maker. Yaka-making is seen by many women as a way out of financial crises, but it becomes a cycle of precarity based on the trends, demands, and forms of the formal dress requirement in the state institutions to which female clients have to adhere to when choosing the product. What influences the market flows in trends, supply, and everyday profit? How do women regulate the market from within despite the growing precarity? Studying these internal power relations will help us reveal how cultural and social control stems from the precisely political and male domination and how the rules of the game in that field are guided by completely different gendered and labor principles on the ground.

本文重点介绍土库曼斯坦传统刺绣制作 ( yaka ) 的生产周期。在土库曼斯坦，yaka是女性日常穿着民族服装的关键元素，由于刺绣制作过程通常是手工制作，yaka 的分销以及生产和销售这种基本服装的网络提供了丰富的民族背景。本文重点研究控制市场流动的经销商和经销商，以及那些在村庄和家庭生产这种高价值手工产品然后在中心城市的主要集市中心转售的妇女的不稳定劳动力。在每个阶段，都有质量、价格和“传统”控制——产品是否遵循已构建但广泛共享的“国服”理念。这些关系还充满了尊重工作和互助的性别经济逻辑，考虑到每个yaka制造者的不稳定环境。许多女性将制作屋卡视为摆脱金融危机的一种方式，但由于国家机构中女性客户必须遵守的正式着装要求的趋势、要求和形式，它变成了一个不稳定的循环。选择产品。什么影响市场流动的趋势、供应和日常利润？尽管不稳定因素日益增多，女性如何从内部调节市场？研究这些内部权力关系将有助于我们揭示文化和社会控制如何源于精确的政治和男性统治，以及该领域的游戏规则如何受到当地完全不同的性别和劳工原则的指导。