The ability of neurites of the same neuron to avoid each other (self-avoidance) is a conserved feature in both invertebrates and vertebrates. The key to self-avoidance is the generation of a unique subset of cell-surface proteins in individual neurons engaging in isoform-specific homophilic interactions that drive neurite repulsion rather than adhesion. Among these cell-surface proteins are fly Dscam1 and vertebrate clustered protocadherins (cPcdhs), as well as the recently characterized shortened Dscam (sDscam) in the Chelicerata. Herein, we review recent advances in our understanding of how cPcdh, Dscam, and sDscam cell-surface recognition codes are expressed and translated into cellular functions essential for neural wiring.

同一神经元的神经突相互避开（自我回避）的能力是无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的保守特征。自我回避的关键是在单个神经元中产生独特的细胞表面蛋白子集，参与异构体特异性的同种相互作用，从而驱动神经突排斥而不是粘附。这些细胞表面蛋白包括果蝇 Dscam1 和脊椎动物簇状原钙粘蛋白 (cPcdhs)，以及最近在螯肢动物中鉴定的缩短型 Dscam (sDscam)。在此，我们回顾了对 cPcdh、Dscam 和 sDscam 细胞表面识别代码如何表达并转化为神经连线必需的细胞功能的理解的最新进展。