In the 160 years since Rudolf Virchow first postulated that neoplasia arises by the same law that regulates embryonic development, scientists have come to recognize the striking overlap between the molecular and cellular programs used by cancers and embryos. Advances in cancer biology and molecular techniques have further highlighted the similarities between carcinogenesis and embryogenesis, where cellular growth, differentiation, motility, and intercellular cross talk are mediated by common drivers and regulatory networks. This review highlights the many connections linking cancer biology and developmental biology to provide a deeper understanding of how a tissue's developmental history may both enable and constrain cancer cell evolution.

中文翻译：

---

癌症是一种发育失常的疾病

自 Rudolf Virchow 首次假设瘤形成是由调控胚胎发育的同一规律产生以来，160 年来，科学家们逐渐认识到癌症和胚胎所使用的分子和细胞程序之间存在惊人的重叠。癌症生物学和分子技术的进步进一步凸显了癌发生和胚胎发生之间的相似性，其中细胞生长、分化、运动和细胞间串扰是由共同的驱动程序和调节网络介导的。这篇综述强调了癌症生物学和发育生物学之间的许多联系，以便更深入地了解组织的发育历史如何促进和限制癌细胞的进化。