We explored farmers' perceptions of the causes and consequences of human-carnivore conflict in Maze National Park, Ethiopia. We selected 225 household heads randomly from five villages for interview using survey questionnaires. We identified the five villages randomly from the 16 that border the park. The majority (75.1%) of the respondents had a negative perception towards the park and the carnivores due to livestock depredation. Overall, 1142 livestock depredation were reported over 3 years (2017–2019). Cattle, sheep and goats were reportedly the most depredated animals. The numbers of livestock depredated significantly varied among villages and predators. Farmers perceived lions as the major livestock depredator followed by leopards and spotted hyaenas and they perceived that proximity, poor livestock husbandry and low natural prey density were the main causes of livestock depredation. The distance of the household holdings to the park was correlated negatively with the depredation level. Farmers use guarding, cut-and-carry systems and dogs to reduce carnivores' predation. Allocating enough spatial differences between the park and the villages and altering the timing and frequency with which livestock grazing overlaps with the diurnal activities of carnivores may lead to a win–win outcome promoting coexistence.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚保护区农民对食肉动物的看法

我们探讨了埃塞俄比亚迷宫国家公园农民对人类与肉食动物冲突的原因和后果的看法。我们采用调查问卷的方式，从5个村随机抽取了225名户主进行访谈。我们从公园周边的 16 个村庄中随机选出了 5 个村庄。大多数（75.1%）受访者因牲畜掠夺而对公园和食肉动物持负面看法。总体而言，三年内（2017-2019 年）报告了 1142 起牲畜掠夺事件。据报道，牛、绵羊和山羊是最受掠夺的动物。被掠夺的牲畜数量在不同村庄和掠夺者之间存在显着差异。农民认为狮子是主要的牲畜掠夺者，其次是豹子和斑鬣狗，他们认为距离近、畜牧业差和自然猎物密度低是牲畜掠夺的主要原因。家庭财产与公园的距离与掠夺程度呈负相关。农民使用守卫、切割和搬运系统和狗来减少食肉动物的捕食。在公园和村庄之间分配足够的空间差异，并改变牲畜放牧与食肉动物白天活动重叠的时间和频率，可能会带来促进共存的双赢结果。