The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), whose total height is about 1–1.5 km, is composed of the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) and the Ekman layer, which typically account for the lower 10% and the upper 90% of the ABL, respectively. The wind veering angle in the Ekman layer can be between 10° and 30°, which may be an important influence factor for the wind-resistant design of kilometer-scale super-tall buildings. Unfortunately, there is very little research on this issue so far due to the difficulty in simulations of veering wind in wind tunnels and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation platforms. In this study, the simulations of non-veering and veering wind fields are presented, and furthermore, the wind loads of kilometer-scale super tall buildings with several typical configurations in veering wind fields are numerically investigated. Specifically, the large eddy simulations (LES) of unsteady flow around three buildings, namely, a square building, a tapered building (tapering ratio: 6.6%), and a 4-layer setback building with the same height and the same aspect ratio of 9:1, are systematically performed for the cases of veering wind and non-veering wind. The wind pressures and wind forces on these buildings are obtained and comprehensively analyzed. The differences in the wind loads among the building configurations are highlighted, and the mechanisms are discussed based on the time-averaged and instantaneous flow fields.

中文翻译：

---

千米级超高层典型构型风荷载CFD模拟

大气边界层（ABL）的总高度约为1-1.5公里，由大气表面层（ASL）和埃克曼层组成，通常占ABL的下部10％和上部90％，分别。埃克曼层的风向转向角可在10°～30°之间，这可能是公里级超高层建筑抗风设计的重要影响因素。不幸的是，由于风洞和计算流体动力学（CFD）仿真平台中风转向模拟的困难，迄今为止对此问题的研究很少。本研究对非转向风场和转向风场进行了模拟，并对几种典型构型的千米级超高层建筑在转向风场中的风荷载进行了数值研究。具体来说，围绕三座建筑物进行非定常流大涡模拟（LES），即方形建筑物、锥形建筑物（锥度比：6.6%）和高度相同、长宽比相同的4层退缩建筑物。 9:1，针对转向风和非转向风的情况系统地执行。获取并综合分析这些建筑物的风压和风力。突出了建筑结构之间风荷载的差异，并基于时间平均和瞬时流场讨论了其机制。