Amniotic membrane (AM), the innermost layer of the placenta, is an exceptionally effective biomaterial with divers applications in clinical medicine. It possesses various biological functions, including scar reduction, anti-inflammatory properties, support for epithelialization, as well as anti-microbial, anti-fibrotic and angio-modulatory effects. Furthermore, its abundant availability, cost-effectiveness, and ethical acceptability make it a compelling biomaterial in the field of medicine. Given the potential unavailability of fresh tissue when needed, the preservation of AM is crucial to ensure a readily accessible and continuous supply for clinical use. However, preserving the properties of AM presents a significant challenge. Therefore, the establishment of standardized protocols for the collection and preservation of AM is vital to ensure optimal tissue quality and enhance patient safety. Various preservation methods, such as cryopreservation, lyophilization, and air-drying, have been employed over the years. However, identifying a preservation method that effectively safeguards AM properties remains an ongoing endeavor. This article aims to review and discuss different sterilization and preservation procedures for AM, as well as their impacts on its histological, physical, and biochemical characteristics.

羊膜（AM）是胎盘的最内层，是一种非常有效的生物材料，在临床医学中有广泛的应用。它具有多种生物学功能，包括减少疤痕、抗炎特性、支持上皮化，以及抗菌、抗纤维化和血管调节作用。此外，其丰富的可用性、成本效益和伦理可接受性使其成为医学领域引人注目的生物材料。鉴于在需要时可能无法获得新鲜组织，AM 的保存对于确保临床使用的易于获取和持续供应至关重要。然而，保留增材制造的特性是一项重大挑战。因此，建立 AM 收集和保存的标准化方案对于确保最佳组织质量和提高患者安全至关重要。多年来已采用各种保存方法，例如冷冻保存、冻干和风干。然而，寻找有效保护增材制造财产的保护方法仍然是一项持续的努力。本文旨在回顾和讨论 AM 的不同灭菌和保存程序，以及它们对其组织学、物理和生化特性的影响。