Chili pepper is cultivated in the absence of fruit-promoting treatments or insect pollinators. The fertilization ability of both males and females, as well as natural self-pollination ability under high temperatures, are necessary for autonomous set fruit under high temperatures. The reproductive traits related to autonomous self-pollination ability and fertilization ability of both males and females after pollination under control (CK) and high temperature (HT) treatments were investigated in this study. ‘Takanotsume’ (TK) showed a significantly higher percentage of autonomous fruit set than ‘Peruvian Purple’ (PP) in both CK and HT treatments, suggesting that TK has a strong autonomous fruit set regardless of temperature. On the other hand, the percentage of autonomous fruit set of PP was 0% in the HT treatment, while autonomous fruit set was observed in the CK treatment. Therefore, TK had autonomous fruit set ability even at high temperatures when PP did not have any. TK had more pollen on the stigma than PP, suggesting that TK has a higher ability for autonomous self-pollination. Flower morphology was not considered a factor in the autonomous self-pollination of TK. In contrast, TK tended to release more pollen than PP. One factor that can support autonomous self-pollination is pollen dispersion. A significant difference was observed in the fruit set rate during artificial pollination between the treatments (CK and HT) of the pollen parent and the cultivars (TK and PP) of the seed parent. In fact, female fertility in TK was higher than that in PP, regardless of the temperature condition. Almost no fruit set of PP was observed via autonomous self-pollination in the HT treatment, but fruits were set by artificial pollination using both the pollen and pistil of PP in the HT treatment. This result is consistent with the finding that PP exhibits decreased autonomous self-pollination at high temperatures. The higher autonomous fruit-set ability of TK than PP under high temperatures may be attributed not only to superior female fertility, but also to its autonomous self-pollination ability under high temperatures. Therefore, pollen dispersal ability under high temperatures was considered a key factor for autonomous fruit-set.

辣椒是在没有促果处理或昆虫传粉媒介的情况下种植的。雄性和雌性双方的受精能力以及高温下的自然自花授粉能力是高温下自主坐果所必需的。本研究调查了控制授粉（CK）和高温（HT）处理后雄性和雌性与自主自花授粉能力和受精能力相关的生殖性状。在 CK 和 HT 处理中，‘Takanotsume’ (TK) 的自主坐果率显着高于‘秘鲁紫’ (PP)，这表明无论温度如何，TK 都具有很强的自主坐果率。另一方面，HT处理中PP的自主坐果率为0％，而CK处理中观察到自主坐果率。因此，即使在高温下，TK也具有自主坐果能力，而PP则不具备自主坐果能力。TK的柱头上花粉量比PP多，表明TK具有较高的自主自花授粉能力。花形态不被认为是 TK 自主自花授粉的一个因素。相反，TK 往往比 PP 释放更多的花粉。支持自主自花授粉的因素之一是花粉传播。在人工授粉过程中，花粉亲本的处理（CK和HT）与种子亲本的品种（TK和PP​​）之间观察到坐果率存在显着差异。事实上，无论温度条件如何，TK 中的女性生育力均高于 PP 中的女性生育力。在HT处理中，通过自主自花授粉几乎没有观察到PP的坐果，但在HT处理中使用PP的花粉和雌蕊进行人工授粉坐果。这一结果与 PP 在高温下表现出自主自花授粉能力降低的发现是一致的。TK在高温下自主坐果能力高于PP，可能不仅归因于其优越的雌性育性，还归因于其在高温下的自主自花授粉能力。因此，高温下花粉传播能力被认为是自主坐果的关键因素。