Abstract

This article analyzes the resource potential of Africa in terms of ensuring the transition of the world economy to green energy and identifies the geostrategic risks associated with this transition. The authors come to the conclusion that African countries today have significant reserves of metals necessary for the green transition. At the same time, they are world leaders in reserves and production of bauxite, cobalt, chromium, platinoids, and tantalum. There are also copper, lithium, zinc, and nickel ores in significant quantities. All the other metals critical for green energy are also present on the continent. The main suppliers of germanium to world markets for a long time have been Namibia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. There are significant reserves of rare-earth metals (yttrium) in Nigeria, Morocco, and Egypt; cadmium in Namibia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo; and gallium in Guinea. The transition to green technologies could theoretically improve the situation of those African countries that have high-tech materials, due to a sharp increase in demand and prices for these goods. In reality, they will be subjected to the most severe pressure from Western TNCs using the entire arsenal of colonial tools to create favorable conditions for the latter to acquire these types of materials at the lowest cost. According to the authors, if the West’s energy-transition and climate strategies are implemented, then to the greatest extent this burden will be borne by those countries that have historically participated in the depletion of traditional energy sources and environmental pollution less than others—the poorest countries in the world, the greatest number of which are in Africa. The scheme being pushed by the West will forever block their path to breakthrough economic development. Backwardness will be conserved technologically. They have the same fate planned for Russia.

中文翻译：

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向绿色能源转型的地缘战略风险（以非洲为例）

摘要

本文分析了非洲在确保世界经济向绿色能源转型方面的资源潜力，并确定了与这一转型相关的地缘战略风险。作者得出的结论是，非洲国家如今拥有绿色转型所需的大量金属储备。同时，它们在铝土矿、钴、铬、铂和钽的储量和产量方面也处于世界领先地位。还有大量的铜、锂、锌和镍矿石。对绿色能源至关重要的所有其他金属也存在于非洲大陆。长期以来，世界市场的锗主要供应国是纳米比亚和刚果民主共和国。尼日利亚、摩洛哥和埃及拥有大量稀土金属（钇）储量；纳米比亚和刚果民主共和国的镉；和几内亚的镓。从理论上讲，向绿色技术的过渡可以改善那些拥有高科技材料的非洲国家的状况，因为这些商品的需求和价格急剧增加。事实上，它们将受到来自西方跨国公司最严厉的压力，西方跨国公司利用一切殖民工具为后者以最低成本获取此类材料创造有利条件。作者认为，如果西方的能源转型和气候战略得到实施，那么在最大程度上，这一负担将由那些历史上参与传统能源枯竭和环境污染程度低于其他国家的国家——即最贫穷的国家——来承担。世界上有很多国家，其中非洲国家数量最多。西方推行的计划将永远阻碍他们实现经济突破性发展。技术上的落后将得到保存。他们对俄罗斯也有同样的命运。