The genus Scomber, commonly known as mackerel, is recognized as a potential allergenic fish species, necessitating the assessment of Scomber species contamination in food products from a food hygiene perspective. In the present study, we present two novel methods based on real-time PCR for the rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of Scomber species in processed foods. These methods allow for the individual identification of four Scomber species (Scomber japonicus, S. australasicus, S. scombrus, and S. colias) and the comprehensive detection of the Scomber species regardless of species, using primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The developed methods exhibited high sensitivity, detecting Scomber DNA as low as 1 pg, surpassing reported sensitivities for fish-species-specific detection in DNA samples containing various biological species. Furthermore, our methods successfully detected the presence of Scomber species in food mixtures containing 0.001% (w/w) or more Scomber meat. Applying these methods to 30 processed foods labeled as containing Scomber species resulted in detecting Scomber DNA in 28 foods, except for two samples prepared with Scomber broth. These findings demonstrate the efficacy and applicability of our methods, providing a valuable tool for assessing food hygiene and allergenicity in the food industry.

鲭鱼属，俗称鲭鱼，被认为是潜在的过敏性鱼类，因此有必要从食品卫生角度评估食品中的鲭鱼物种污染。在本研究中，我们提出了两种基于实时 PCR 的新方法，用于快速、准确和灵敏地检测加工食品中的鲭鱼物种。这些方法允许对四种鲭鱼物种（鲭 鱼、澳大利亚 鲭鱼、鲭鱼和鲭鱼）进行单独鉴定，并使用针对核内部转录间隔区域的引物对鲭鱼物种进行全面检测，无论其物种如何。核糖体DNA。所开发的方法表现出高灵敏度，可检测低至 1 pg 的鲭鱼DNA，超过了报道的含有各种生物物种的 DNA 样本中鱼类特异性检测的灵敏度。此外，我们的方法成功地检测到含有 0.001%（w/w）或更多鲭鱼肉的食品混合物中是否存在鲭鱼物种。将这些方法应用于标记为含有鲭鱼物种的 30 种加工食品，结果在 28 种食品中检测到了鲭鱼DNA，但用鲭鱼肉汤制备的两个样品除外。这些发现证明了我们方法的有效性和适用性，为评估食品行业的食品卫生和过敏性提供了宝贵的工具。