We analyzed DTI data involving 22 healthy subjects (HC), 15 patients with deficit syndrome schizophrenia (DSZ), and 25 patients with non-deficit syndrome schizophrenia (NDSZ). We used a 1.5-T MRI scanner to collect diffusion-weighted images and T1 images, which were employed to correct distortions and deformations within the diffusion-weighted images. For 156 regions of interest (ROI), we calculated the average fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusion (MD), and radial diffusion (RD). Each ROI underwent a group-wise comparison using permutation F-test, followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction. In general, we observed lower FA in both schizophrenia groups compared to HC (i.e., HC>(DSZ=NDSZ)), while MD and RD showed the opposite pattern. Notably, specific ROIs with reduced FA in schizophrenia patients included bilateral nucleus accumbens, left fusiform area, brain stem, anterior corpus callosum, left rostral and caudal anterior cingulate, right posterior cingulate, left thalamus, left hippocampus, left inferior temporal cortex, right superior temporal cortex, left pars triangularis and right lingual gyrus. Significantly, the right cuneus exhibited lower FA in the DSZ group compared to other groups ((HC=NDSZ)>DSZ), without affecting MD and RD. These results indicate that compromised neural integrity in the cuneus may contribute to the pathophysiological distinctions between DSZ and NDSZ.

我们分析了 22 名健康受试者 (HC)、15 名缺陷综合征精神分裂症 (DSZ) 患者和 25 名非缺陷综合征精神分裂症 (NDSZ) 患者的 DTI 数据。我们使用 1.5-T MRI 扫描仪收集扩散加权图像和 T1 图像，用于校正扩散加权图像内的扭曲和变形。对于 156 个感兴趣区域 (ROI)，我们计算了平均分数各向异性 (FA)、平均扩散 (MD) 和径向扩散 (RD)。每个 ROI 使用排列 F 检验进行分组比较，然后使用 Bonferroni 校正进行事后成对比较。一般来说，我们观察到与 HC 相比，两个精神分裂症组的 FA 较低（即 HC>(DSZ=NDSZ)），而 MD 和 RD 显示相反的模式。值得注意的是，精神分裂症患者 FA 降低的特定 ROI 包括双侧伏隔核、左侧梭状区、脑干、胼胝体前部、左侧前扣带回和尾部前扣带回、右侧后扣带回、左侧丘脑、左侧海马、左侧颞下皮层、右侧上皮层颞皮质、左三角肌和右舌回。值得注意的是，与其他组相比，DSZ 组的右侧楔骨表现出较低的 FA ((HC=NDSZ)>DSZ)，但不影响 MD 和 RD。这些结果表明，楔叶神经完整性受损可能导致 DSZ 和 NDSZ 之间的病理生理学差异。