Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by increased risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension (HT). A single session of aerobic exercise may reduce blood pressure (BP) in different clinical groups; however, little is known about the acute effects of exercise on BP in RA patients. This is a randomized controlled crossover study that assessed the effects of a single session of aerobic exercise on resting BP, on BP responses to stressful stimuli, and on 24-h BP in women with RA and HT. Twenty women with RA and HT (53 ± 10 years) undertook sessions of 30-min treadmill exercise (50% VO_2max) or control (no exercise) in a crossover fashion. Before and after the sessions, BP was measured at rest, and in response to the Stroop-Color Word Test (SCWT), the Cold Pressor Test (CPT), and an isometric handgrip test. After the sessions, participants were also fitted with an ambulatory BP monitor for the assessment of 24-h BP. A single session of exercise reduced resting systolic BP (SBP) (−5 ± 9 mmHg; p < 0.05), and reduced SBP response to the SCWT (−7 ± 14 mmHg; p < 0.05), and to the CPT (−5 ± 11 mmHg; p < 0.05). Exercise did not reduce resting diastolic BP (DBP), BP responses to the isometric handgrip test or 24-h BP. In conclusion, a single session of aerobic exercise reduced SBP at rest and in response to stressful stimuli in hypertensive women with RA. These results support the use of exercise as a strategy for controlling HT and, hence, reducing cardiovascular risk in women with RA.

Clinical Trial Registration: This study registered at the Brazilian Clinical Trials (https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-867k9g) at 12/13/2019.

类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种自身免疫性炎症性疾病，其特征是心血管疾病和高血压（HT）的风险增加。一次有氧运动可能会降低不同临床组的血压（BP）；然而，人们对运动对 RA 患者血压的急性影响知之甚少。这是一项随机对照交叉研究，评估单次有氧运动对患有 RA 和 HT 的女性的静息血压、血压对压力刺激的反应以及 24 小时血压的影响。20 名患有 RA 和 HT 的女性（53 ± 10 岁）以交叉方式进行了 30 分钟跑步机锻炼（50% VO _{2max ）或对照（不锻炼）。}在训练之前和之后，测量静息时的血压，并响应斯特鲁普色词测试（SCWT）、冷压测试（CPT）和等长握力测试。会议结束后，参与者还配备了动态血压监测仪，用于评估 24 小时血压。单次运动可降低静息收缩压 (SBP) (−5 ± 9 mmHg; p  < 0.05)，并降低 SBP 对 SCWT (−7 ± 14 mmHg; p  < 0.05) 和 CPT (−5 ± 11 毫米汞柱；p  < 0.05）。运动不会降低静息舒张压 (DBP)、等长握力测试的血压反应或 24 小时血压。总之，单次有氧运动可以降低患有 RA 的高血压女性的静息时收缩压以及对压力刺激的反应。这些结果支持使用运动作为控制 HT 的策略，从而降低患有 RA 的女性的心血管风险。

临床试验注册：本研究于 2019 年 12 月 13 日在巴西临床试验 (https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-867k9g) 注册。