Policing of driving under the influence (DUI) has varied widely over both time and place in the U.S. While some limited research has explored informal social norms and spatial variation in DUI enforcement, none have examined this phenomenon longitudinally. This is particularly important since public opinion about DUI and its enforcement has changed since the 1980’s. Thus, this project examines how structural factors associated with alcohol norms such as anti-alcohol religious populations, county prohibition of alcohol sales, and large universities with athletic programs are related to change in DUI enforcement from 1985—2014. The results indicate that pro-alcohol measures such as large universities and pro-alcohol religion are related to decreased DUI enforcement, and anti-alcohol religious population are associated with increased enforcement levels. Overall, these findings support the argument that the change in DUI enforcement may be conditioned by the informal norms relating to alcohol in each community.

在美国，酒后驾驶 (DUI) 的监管随时间和地点的不同而存在很大差异。虽然一些有限的研究探讨了酒后驾驶执法中的非正式社会规范和空间变化，但没有人纵向研究这一现象。这一点尤其重要，因为自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，公众对酒后驾车及其执法的看法已经发生了变化。因此，本项目研究了与酒精规范相关的结构性因素，例如反酒精宗教人群、县禁止酒精销售以及设有体育项目的大型大学，与 1985 年至 2014 年酒后驾车执法变化之间的关系。结果表明，大型大学和支持酒精宗教等支持酒精的措施与酒后驾车执法力度的减少有关，而反酒精宗教人口则与执法力度的增加有关。总体而言，这些发现支持了以下论点：酒后驾车执法的变化可能受到每个社区与酒精相关的非正式规范的影响。