It is demonstrated that the initial method of fertilization in animals (Metazoa), embryophyte plants (Embryophyta), most groups of multicellular oogamous algae, oogamous and pseudoogamous multicellular fungi was internal fertilization (in the broad meaning) in/on the body of a maternal organism. Accordingly, during the bisexual process, the initial method of formation of a daughter multicellular organism in animals was viviparity, and in embryophyte plants and most groups of oogamous multicellular algae – the germination of a zygote in/on the body of maternal organism. The reproductive criteria of multicellularity are proposed and discussed. In this regard, the multicellularity is considered to subdivide terminologically into three variants: 1) protonemal, the most simple, characteristic of multicellular prokaryotes, most groups of multicellular algae and gametophytes of some higher plants; 2) siphonoseptal, found among multicellular fungi, some groups of green and yellow-green algae; 3) embryogenic, most complicated, known in all animals (Metazoa), all sporophytes and some gametophytes of higher plants (Embryophyta), charophyte green algae Charophyceae s.s., oogamous species of green and brown algae, some genera of red algae. In addition to the well-known division of reproduction methods into sexual and asexual, it is proposed to divide the reproduction of multicellular organisms into monocytic (the emergence of a new organism from one cell sexually or asexually) and polycytic (fragmentation, longitudinal / transverse division or budding based on many cells of the body of the mother organism), since these two ways have different evolutionary and ontogenetic origins.

中文翻译：

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古代生殖模式和多细胞标准

 事实证明，动物（后生动物）、有胚植物（胚胎植物）、大多数多细胞受精藻类、受精和拟受精多细胞真菌中受精的最初方法是体内/体内受精（广义上的）母体有机体。因此，在两性过程中，动物中子代多细胞生物形成的最初方法是胎生，而在有胚植物和大多数卵配多细胞藻类中，形成受精卵的方式是在母体生物体内/上萌发。提出并讨论了多细胞的繁殖标准。在这方面，多细胞性被认为在术语上细分为三个变体：1）原质，多细胞原核生物的最简单特征，大多数多细胞藻类和一些高等植物的配子体；2) 虹吸隔膜，存在于多细胞真菌、某些绿藻和黄绿藻中；3）胚胎发生，最复杂，存在于所有动物（后生动物）、高等植物（胚胎植物）的所有孢子体和一些配子体、轮藻类绿藻Charophyceae ss、绿藻和褐藻的卵配种、红藻的某些属。除了众所周知的有性繁殖和无性繁殖之外，还提出将多细胞生物的繁殖分为单核细胞（有性或无性地从一个细胞中出现新生物）和多细胞（分裂、纵向/横向）基于母体生物体的许多细胞的分裂或出芽），因为这两种方式具有不同的进化和个体发生起源。