For explosion-proof and effective suppression measures in treating magnesium–aluminum alloy, it is of great importance to study the suppression of Mg–Al alloy dust explosions to prevent explosion disasters. The addition of inert solid substances to combustible dust is a measure aimed at preventing and reducing dust explosions. The explosion characteristics and flame propagation characteristics of Mg–Al alloy powder were studied using the Hartmann tube 20 L spherical explosion experimental system. The mechanism for removing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) during the Mg–Al alloy powder explosion was further studied. The results show that the explosion pressure, the height of the deflagration flame, and the speed at which the flame propagates can be effectively reduced by increasing the percentage of NaHCO₃. After the addition of 80% NaHCO₃, the flame was suppressed, and the maximum explosion pressure decreased to less than 0.1 MPa, causing a 93% decrease in the maximum flame propagation speed. The process of suppressing NaHCO₃ powder on magnesium aluminum alloy dust explosion is relatively complex, starting primarily with physical and chemical suppression. NaHCO₃ realizes physical inhibition by reducing ambient temperature and oxygen concentration through the H₂O and CO₂ generated by decomposition. At the same time, through the cycle of NaO ↔ Na, the transformation from highly active oxygen to low active oxygen is realized. This reduces the activity of the explosive combustion response of Mg–Al alloy powder. At the same time, sodium ions can capture free radicals in explosive responses, reducing the number of free radicals in the reaction system and terminating the combustion reaction chain in advance. The research findings are of great importance for the safety of Mg–Al alloy production.

对于镁铝合金处理过程中采取有效的防爆和抑制措施，研究抑制镁铝合金粉尘爆炸、预防爆炸灾害具有重要意义。在可燃粉尘中添加惰性固体物质是旨在防止和减少粉尘爆炸的措施。利用Hartmann管20 L球形爆炸实验系统研究了Mg-Al合金粉末的爆炸特性和火焰传播特性。进一步研究了Mg-Al合金粉末爆炸过程中去除碳酸氢钠(NaHCO _{3 )的机理。结果表明，提高NaHCO 3}的含量可以有效降低爆炸压力、爆燃火焰高度和火焰传播速度。添加80%的NaHCO ₃后，火焰被抑制，最大爆炸压力降至0.1 MPa以下，导致最大火焰传播速度下降93%。_{NaHCO 3}粉末抑制镁铝合金粉尘爆炸的过程比较复杂，主要从物理和化学抑制开始。NaHCO ₃通过分解产生的H ₂ O和CO _{2降低环境温度和氧浓度，实现物理抑制。}同时，通过NaO↔Na的循环，实现从高活性氧到低活性氧的转变。这降低了镁铝合金粉末爆炸燃烧反应的活性。同时，钠离子可以捕获爆炸反应中的自由基，减少反应体系中自由基的数量，提前终止燃烧反应链。研究成果对于镁铝合金的安全生产具有重要意义。