To present observational studies investigating associations between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and health outcomes in childhood and adolescence. Observational, cross-sectional, or longitudinal studies were considered, and identified in the Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed and Scielo databases, without date restrictions. The most frequent combinations of risk factors in children and adolescents involved an unhealthy diet, with regular consumption of ultra-processed foods to the detriment of a diet based on fresh or minimally-processed foods and insufficient levels of physical activity; records on alcohol and tobacco use were identified. Combined, these practices contribute to the findings that indicate an increase in the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents and a sedentary lifestyle, with a decrease in physical activity, in addition to representing a risk for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and periodontal disease in childhood and adolescence. The present study maps the current literature on the topic and indicates the direction of the approach for health promotion and prevention of NCDs in children and adolescents. Among the different risk factors that negatively affect the full development of this population, frequently eating breakfast and practicing physical activity is most strongly associated with a lower consumption of ultra-processed foods and should be part of an integrated approach to promoting eating practices that favor the reduction of diseases also in adult life.

中文翻译：

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超加工食品消费与儿童和青少年的健康

提出观察性研究，调查超加工食品的消费与儿童和青少年健康结果之间的关系。在 Scopus、Web of Science、Pubmed 和 Scielo 数据库中考虑并确定了观察性、横断面或纵向研究，没有日期限制。儿童和青少年最常见的危险因素组合涉及不健康饮食，经常食用超加工食品，不利于以新鲜或最低限度加工食品为主的饮食以及体力活动水平不足；查明了饮酒和吸烟的记录。综合起来，这些做法促成了以下发现：儿童和青少年肥胖患病率增加，久坐的生活方式以及体力活动减少，此外还存在罹患慢性非传染性疾病的风险，例如如儿童和青少年时期的心血管疾病和牙周病。本研究绘制了有关该主题的当前文献，并指出了儿童和青少年健康促进和非传染性疾病预防方法的方向。在对这一人群的全面发展产生负面影响的不同风险因素中，经常吃早餐和进行体力活动与减少超加工食品的消费密切相关，应该成为促进有利于健康的饮食习惯的综合方法的一部分。成人生活中的疾病也减少。