Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising alternative to produce high purity hydrogen gas as the green substitute for renewable energy. Thus, development of electrocatalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are vital to improve the efficiency of the water splitting process particularly based on transition metals which has been explored extensively to replace the highly active electrocatalytic activity of the iridium and ruthenium metals-based electrocatalysts. In situ growth of the material on a conductive substrate has also been proven to have the capability to lower down the overpotential value significantly. On top of that, the presence of substrate has given a massive impact on the morphology of the electrocatalyst. Among the conductive substrates that have been widely explored in the field of electrochemistry are the copper based substrates mainly copper foam, copper foil and copper mesh. Copper-based substrates possess unique properties such as low in cost, high tensile strength, excellent conductor of heat and electricity, ultraporous with well-integrated hierarchical structure and non-corrosive in nature. In this review, the recent advancements of HER and OER electrocatalysts grown on copper-based substrates has been critically discussed, focusing on their morphology, design, and preparation methods of the nanoarrays.

中文翻译：

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铜基基底上的过渡金属水分解电催化剂：形态特性的整体作用

电催化水分解是生产高纯度氢气作为可再生能源的绿色替代品的一种有前景的替代方案。因此，开发用于析氢反应（HER）和析氧反应（OER）的电催化剂对于提高水分解过程的效率至关重要，特别是基于过渡金属的电催化剂，其已被广泛探索以取代水分解反应的高活性电催化活性。铱和钌金属基电催化剂。该材料在导电基底上的原位生长也被证明能够显着降低过电势值。最重要的是，基材的存在对电催化剂的形态产生了巨大的影响。在电化学领域得到广泛探索的导电基材中，铜基基材主要有泡沫铜、铜箔和铜网。铜基基材具有成本低、抗拉强度高、热电导体优良、超多孔、层次结构良好、不腐蚀等独特性能。在这篇综述中，对铜基基底上生长的 HER 和 OER 电催化剂的最新进展进行了批判性讨论，重点讨论了它们的形态、设计和纳米阵列的制备方法。