Psychiatric disorders have a great impact in terms of mortality, morbidity, and disability across the lifespan. Considerable effort has been devoted to understanding their complex and heterogeneous genetic architecture, including diverse ancestry populations. Our aim was to review the psychiatric genetics research published with Latin American populations from 2010 to 2019, and classify it according to country of origin, type of analysis, source of funding, and other variables. We found that most publications came from Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia. Also, local funds are generally not large enough for genome-wide studies in Latin America, with the exception of Brazil and Mexico; larger studies are often done in collaboration with international partners, mostly funded by US agencies. In most of the larger studies, the participants are individuals of Latin American ancestry living in the United States, which limits the potential for exploring the complex gene–environment interaction. Family studies, traditionally strong in Latin America, represent about 30% of the total research publications. Scarce local resources for research in Latin America have probably been an important limitation for conducting bigger and more complex studies, contributing to the reduced representation of these populations in global psychiatric genetics studies. Increasing diversity must be a goal to improve generalizability and applicability in clinical settings.

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对拉丁美洲十年来精神病遗传学出版物的系统探索

精神疾病对整个生命周期的死亡率、发病率和残疾有很大影响。人们付出了大量努力来了解它们复杂且异质的遗传结构，包括不同的祖先群体。我们的目的是回顾 2010 年至 2019 年发表的拉丁美洲人群精神遗传学研究，并根据原籍国、分析类型、资金来源和其他变量对其进行分类。我们发现大多数出版物来自巴西、墨西哥和哥伦比亚。此外，除巴西和墨西哥外，拉丁美洲的当地资金通常不足以进行全基因组研究；更大规模的研究通常是与国际合作伙伴合作进行，大部分由美国机构资助。在大多数大型研究中，参与者都是居住在美国的拉丁美洲血统的个体，这限制了探索复杂的基因与环境相互作用的潜力。家庭研究在拉丁美洲传统上很盛行，约占研究出版物总数的 30%。拉丁美洲当地研究资源稀缺可能是进行更大规模、更复杂研究的一个重要限制，导致这些人群在全球精神病遗传学研究中的代表性减少。增加多样性必须成为提高临床环境中的普遍性和适用性的目标。