The skin plays a fundamental role in regulating the body’s internal balance and protecting against external traumas. A broad variety of environmental risk factors frequently result in acute skin wounds, whose inappropriate treatments would lead to chronic skin wounds that are difficult to heal. Traditional dressings have been widely used to repair chronic skin wounds, however their drawbacks such as insufficient hemostatic efficacy and non-moist environment have severely limited their clinical applications. As the principal component of skin, collagen has always been a research hotspot in the field of chronic skin wounds due to its advantages of low antigenicity, high biocompatibility and superior bioactivity. Collagen-based dressings have been increasingly developed to heal the chronic wounds during the past decades, arising from their capability in decreasing protein and electrolyte losses in wound exudate, preventing bacterial contamination, permitting less painful dressing changes, and improving the healing quality. This review overviews recent progress of collagen dressings for chronic skin wound healing. Various commonly used wound dressings for wound management have been first introduced. Collagen wound dressings have been categorized as films, sponges, hydrogels, nanofibers, and powders, and their efficacy has been compared. The critical functions of collagen dressings in wound healing, such as stopping bleeding, shortening inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, and stimulating tissue regeneration have been elaborated. The clinical applications of collagen dressings to repair different types of chronic wounds have been thoroughly summarized. A comprehensive list of commercialized collagen dressings has been updated, and an outlook of collagen dressings have been finally speculated.

中文翻译：

---

胶原蛋白敷料用于慢性皮肤伤口愈合的最新进展

皮肤在调节身体内部平衡和防止外部创伤方面发挥着基础作用。多种环境危险因素经常导致急性皮肤伤口，治疗不当会导致难以愈合的慢性皮肤伤口。传统敷料已广泛用于修复慢性皮肤伤口，但其止血效果不足、环境不潮湿等缺点严重限制了其临床应用。胶原蛋白作为皮肤的主要成分，以其抗原性低、生物相容性高、生物活性优越等优点一直是慢性皮肤创面领域的研究热点。在过去的几十年里，基于胶原蛋白的敷料越来越多地被开发用于治愈慢性伤口，因为它们能够减少伤口渗出液中蛋白质和电解质的损失，防止细菌污染，减少换药时的痛苦，并提高愈合质量。本综述概述了胶原蛋白敷料用于慢性皮肤伤口愈合的最新进展。首先介绍了用于伤口处理的各种常用伤口敷料。胶原伤口敷料已分为薄膜、海绵、水凝胶、纳米纤维和粉末，并对它们的功效进行了比较。胶原蛋白敷料在伤口愈合中的关键功能，如止血、缩短炎症、促进血管生成和刺激组织再生已得到阐述。全面总结了胶原蛋白敷料修复不同类型慢性创面的临床应用。更新了商业化胶原蛋白敷料的综合清单，并最终推测了胶原蛋白敷料的前景。