Early functional and morphological changes of calf muscles in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) assessed with 7T MRI,Annals of Anatomy

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Early functional and morphological changes of calf muscles in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) assessed with 7T MRI
Annals of Anatomy ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152181
Rafael Heiss ₁ , Svenja A Höger ₂ , Michael Uder ₁ , Thilo Hotfiel ₃ , Jannis Hanspach ₁ , Frederik B Laun ₁ , Armin M Nagel ₁ , Frank W Roemer ₄

Affiliation

Background

To assess morphological and functional alterations of the skeletal muscle in exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) using 7 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods

DOMS was induced in 16 volunteers performing an eccentric exercise protocol of the calf muscles of one randomized leg. 7 T MRI including T1w- (0.18×0.18×1mm³), T2w-images (0.2×0.2×2mm³), T2-maps (0.5×0.5×5mm³), and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI, 0.7×0.7×0.7 mm³) were acquired at baseline, directly (t1) and 60 hours (t2) after the exercise. T2 signal intensity (SI), T2 values [ms], T1 SI and SWI were assessed in the medial (MG) and lateral gastrocnemius muscle (LG) and in the soleus muscle (SM). In addition, the serum creatine kinase (CK) activity, range of motion (ROM) of the ankle, calf circumference, and muscle soreness were assessed at each time point.

Results

Directly after exercise (t1), T2 SI (p=0.04) and T2 values (p=0.03) increased significantly in the LG. No changes of SI and T2 values for MG and SM were present at t1. At t2, T2 SI and T2 values of LG (p=0.001, p=0.02) and MG (p=0.04, p=0.03) increased significantly compared to baseline. T1 SI did not change in any muscle at any time point. In SWI, no signs of intramuscular signal drop could be detected. Clinical parameters confirmed the induction of DOMS, with a significant increase of CK (p=0.03), muscle soreness (p<0.001), calf circumference (p=0.001), and respective a decrease of ROM (p=0.04).

Conclusions

7 T MRI has the potential to visualize microstructural muscle damage immediately after an exercise that induces DOMS. No changes in susceptibility which could, for example, reflect micro-hemorrhage, could be detected with SWI immediately after exercise or in DOMS. Ultra-high field MRI may potentially be used in sports medicine to monitor intramuscular structural changes, allowing for modification of training intensity or to implement appropriate therapeutic strategies.

中文翻译：

使用 7T MRI 评估延迟性肌肉酸痛 (DOMS) 中小腿肌肉的早期功能和形态变化

背景

使用 7 特斯拉 (T) 磁共振成像 (MRI) 评估运动引起的迟发性肌肉酸痛 (DOMS) 中骨骼肌的形态和功能变化。

方法

16 名志愿者对随机选择的一条腿的小腿肌肉进行离心运动，从而诱发 DOMS。7 T MRI，包括T1w-（0.18×0.18×1mm ³）、T2w-图像（0.2×0.2×2mm ³）、T2-图（0.5×0.5×5mm ³）和磁敏感加权成像（SWI，0.7×0.7× 0.7 mm ³ ) 是在基线、运动后直接 (t1) 和 60 小时 (t2) 获得的。在内侧 (MG) 和外侧腓肠肌 (LG) 以及比目鱼肌 (SM) 中评估 T2 信号强度 (SI)、T2 值 [ms]、T1 SI 和 SWI。此外，在每个时间点评估血清肌酸激酶（CK）活性、踝关节活动范围（ROM）、小腿周长和肌肉酸痛。

结果

运动后 (t1)、LG 中的 T2 SI (p=0.04) 和 T2 值 (p=0.03) 显着增加。MG 和 SM 的 SI 和 T2 值在 t1 时没有变化。在 t2 时，LG（p=0.001，p=0.02）和 MG（p=0.04，p=0.03）的 T2 SI 和 T2 值与基线相比显着增加。T1 SI 在任何时间点任何肌肉都没有变化。在 SWI 中，没有检测到肌内信号下降的迹象。临床参数证实了 DOMS 的诱发，CK 显着增加（p=0.03），肌肉酸痛（p<0.001），小腿周长（p=0.001）显着增加，ROM 相应减少（p=0.04）。