Mapping synergies and trade-offs is crucial for managing climate change impacts on coastal socio-ecological systems (SESs) through integrated response. This study employed the DPSIR (drivers, pressures, states, impacts, and responses) framework, focus group discussions, and participatory workshops to determine synergies, and trade-offs and develop measures to maximize synergies and minimize trade-offs between adaptation, mitigation and development in five coastal SESs in Bangladesh. The findings indicated that climate-smart farming was a major intervention that facilitated synergies between agricultural production and climate adaptation and mitigation. The major trade-off identified was that between agricultural production and the overexploitation of marine and coastal resources. The findings also revealed that overall, synergies were more prevalent than trade-offs in the coastal SESs. Three broad measures (namely, government's financial, institutional and regulatory support) were devised for maximizing synergies and minimizing trade-offs depending mainly on the pace and magnitude of adopting climate-resilient and/or -smart approaches needed to attain multiple societal objectives simultaneously. Critical policy implications include developing innovative financial mechanisms, strengthening natural resources stewardship, investing in sustainable intensification of polder agriculture, and improving coastal institutional scaffolds for building climate-resilient coastal zones.

绘制协同效应和权衡对于通过综合应对措施管理气候变化对沿海社会生态系统（SES）的影响至关重要。本研究采用了 DPSIR（驱动因素、压力、状态、影响和响应）框架、焦点小组讨论和参与式研讨会来确定协同作用和权衡，并制定措施以最大限度地发挥协同作用并最大限度地减少适应、减缓和适应之间的权衡。孟加拉国五个沿海社会经济体系的发展。研究结果表明，气候智能型农业是促进农业生产与气候适应和减缓之间协同作用的一项主要干预措施。确定的主要权衡是农业生产与海洋和沿海资源过度开发之间的权衡。研究结果还显示，总体而言，沿海社会经济地位中的协同效应比权衡取舍更为普遍。制定了三项广泛的措施（即政府的财政、体制和监管支持），以最大限度地发挥协同作用并最大限度地减少权衡，这主要取决于同时实现多个社会目标所需的气候适应和/或智能方法的步伐和程度。关键的政策影响包括发展创新的金融机制、加强自然资源管理、投资于圩田农业的可持续集约化以及改善沿海制度框架以建设具有气候适应能力的沿海地区。