Plastic waste and micro/nanoplastic particles pose a significant global environmental challenge, along with concerns surrounding certain pesticides' impact on aquatic organisms. This study investigated the effects of microplastic particles (MPPs) and cypermethrin (CYP) on crayfish, focusing on biochemical indices, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, hematological changes, and histopathological damage. After determining the LC₅₀–96 h value (4.162 μg/L), crayfish were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of CYP (1.00 ppb (20%) and 2.00 ppb (50%)) and fed a diet containing 100 mg/kg MPPs for 60 days. Hemolymph transfusion and histopathological examinations of the hepatopancreas were conducted. The results showed significant alterations in crayfish. Total protein levels decreased, indicating protein breakdown to counteract contaminants, while total cholesterol and triglyceride levels declined, suggesting impaired metabolism. Glucose levels increased in response to chemical stress. The decline in total antioxidant capacity highlighted the impact of prolonged xenobiotic exposure and oxidative stress, while increased CAT, SOD, and MDA activities helped mitigate oxidative stress and maintain cellular homeostasis. The elevated total hemocyte count, particularly in semi-granular cells, suggests their active involvement in the detoxification process. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of these effects.

塑料废物和微/纳米塑料颗粒构成了重大的全球环境挑战，同时人们还担心某些农药对水生生物的影响。本研究探讨了微塑料颗粒（MPP）和氯氰菊酯（CYP）对小龙虾的影响，重点关注生化指标、脂质过氧化、氧化应激、血液学变化和组织病理学损伤。确定 LC ₅₀ –96 小时值 (4.162 μg/L) 后，将小龙虾暴露于亚致死浓度的 CYP（1.00 ppb (20%) 和 2.00 ppb (50%)），并饲喂含有 100 mg/kg 的饲料MPP 有效期为 60 天。进行血淋巴输注和肝胰腺的组织病理学检查。结果显示小龙虾发生了显着变化。总蛋白质水平下降，表明蛋白质分解以抵消污染物，而总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平下降，表明新陈代谢受损。葡萄糖水平因化学应激而增加。总抗氧化能力的下降凸显了长期接触异生素和氧化应激的影响，而 CAT、SOD 和 MDA 活性的增加有助于减轻氧化应激并维持细胞稳态。血细胞总数升高，特别是半颗粒细胞，表明它们积极参与解毒过程。需要进一步的研究来充分了解这些影响的影响。