Lipidomics analysis of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in overweight or obese elderly adults,Endocrine Connections

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Lipidomics analysis of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in overweight or obese elderly adults
Endocrine Connections ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 , DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0212
Feifei Shao _{1,

2,

3} , Xinxin Hu _{2,

3} , Jiayu Li _{2,

3} , Bona Bai _{2,

3} , Limin Tian _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Aims

Aging, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) form a metabolic disease continuum that has a continuously increasing prevalence. Lipidomics explains the complex interactions between lipid metabolism and metabolic diseases. We aimed to systematically investigate the plasma lipidome changes induced by newly diagnosed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and T2DM in overweight/obese elderly individuals and to identify potential biomarkers to differentiate between the IGT, T2DM, and control groups.

Methods

Plasma samples from 148 overweight/obese elderly individuals, including 52 patients with IGT, 47 patients with T2DM, and 49 euglycemic controls, were analyzed using a high-coverage nontargeted absolute quantitative lipidomics approach.

Results

We quantified 1840 lipids from thirty-eight classes and seven lipid categories. Among overweight/obese elderly individuals, the lipidomic profiles of IGT and T2DM patients were significantly different from those of controls, while they were similar in the IGT and T2DM groups. The concentrations of diglycerides, triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and ceramides were obviously altered in the IGT and T2DM groups. Particularly, IGT and T2DM induced the accumulation of triglycerides with longer carbon atom numbers (C44–50) and saturated or lower double bond numbers (n (C=C) = 0–2). Furthermore, a total of 17 potential lipidic biomarkers were identified to successfully differentiate between the IGT, T2DM, and control groups.

Conclusions

In overweight/obese elderly patients, IGT and T2DM induced apparent lipidome-wide changes. This study’s results may contribute to explaining the complex dysfunctional lipid metabolism in aging, obesity, and diabetes.

中文翻译：

超重或肥胖老年人糖耐量受损和2型糖尿病的脂质组学分析

目标

衰老、肥胖和 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 形成了一个代谢疾病连续体，其患病率不断增加。脂质组学解释了脂质代谢与代谢疾病之间复杂的相互作用。我们的目的是系统地研究超重/肥胖老年人中新诊断的糖耐量受损（IGT）和 T2DM 引起的血浆脂质组变化，并确定区分 IGT、T2DM 和对照组的潜在生物标志物。

方法

使用高覆盖率非靶向绝对定量脂质组学方法对 148 名超重/肥胖老年人的血浆样本进行了分析，其中包括 52 名 IGT 患者、47 名 T2DM 患者和 49 名血糖正常对照者。

结果

我们对 38 个类别和 7 个脂质类别的 1840 种脂质进行了定量。在超重/肥胖老年人中，IGT 和 T2DM 患者的脂质组学特征与对照组显着不同，而 IGT 和 T2DM 组的脂质组学特征相似。IGT 组和 T2DM 组的甘油二酯、甘油三酯、磷脂酰胆碱和神经酰胺浓度发生明显变化。特别是，IGT和T2DM诱导具有较长碳原子数（C44-50）和饱和或较低双键数（n（C=C）= 0-2）的甘油三酯的积累。此外，总共鉴定了 17 种潜在的脂质生物标志物，可以成功区分 IGT、T2DM 和对照组。