This essay contextualizes the Dantean figure of Ulysses, as conceived by Yuri M. Lotman, and draws this key figure of modernity into a network of mutually interconnected discourses: primarily transhumanist visions of the human future in space, which nevertheless arise from the specifically modern epistemic dimension of “restlessness,” and intertwine with post-war astronautics, cyborg visions of human re-engineering, and revolutionary considerations of speculative realism. The key is Lotman’s emphasis on Ulysses as a figure of “energy of thought”; in this regard, the essay shows how the original poetic “decision,” embodied by the Ulysses figure, advocates implicit cruelty in the name of the future (treated as an inevitable fate), and how this decision generates a logical and progressively unfolding series of “inhuman” images of man situated in the universe as an event of saturation of matter with merciless intelligence.

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存在并不意味着居住：尤里·M·洛特曼的《尤利西斯》和他的超人类主义背景

本文将尤里·M·洛特曼所设想的但丁式的《尤利西斯》形象置于语境中，并将这个现代性的关键人物纳入一个相互关联的话语网络中：主要是对人类太空未来的超人类主义愿景，然而，这些愿景却源于特定的现代认知论。 “不安”的维度，并与战后航天、人类重新设计的机器人愿景以及投机现实主义的革命性思考交织在一起。关键是洛特曼强调《尤利西斯》是一个“思想能量”的人物；在这方面，本文展示了尤利西斯人物所体现的原始诗意“决定”如何以未来的名义提倡隐含的残酷（被视为不可避免的命运），以及这一决定如何产生一系列合乎逻辑且逐步展开的人类在宇宙中的“非人”形象是物质与无情智慧的饱和事件。