Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following traumatic injury. We examined demographic characteristics, chemoprophylaxis, and outcomes of VTE patients with blunt trauma requiring hospitalization. A retrospective review of adult blunt trauma hospitalizations with and without VTE between 2012 and 2019 was conducted. Deaths in the emergency department were excluded. Univariate and multivariable analyses, including machine learning classification algorithms for VTE, were performed. Of 10,926 admitted adult blunt trauma patients, 177 had VTE events. VTE events occurred at a median of 6 [IQR 3–11] days, with 7.3% occurring within 1 day of admission. VTE patients were more often male, and more often underwent surgery. They had higher injury severity as well as longer intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay. While VTE occurred throughout the spectrum of injury severity, 27.7% had low injury severity (ISS < = 9). In multivariable analyses, both heparin and enoxaparin had reduced adjusted odds ratios for VTE. Approximately 7.3% of VTE events occurred within one day of admission. A substantial proportion of VTE events occurred in patients with low injury severity (ISS < = 9). Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin and enoxaparin chemoprophylaxis were both inversely associated with VTE. These findings underscore the need for vigilance for VTE identification in blunt trauma patients throughout their hospitalization and VTE prevention efforts.

中文翻译：

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收治钝性创伤患者的静脉血栓栓塞性疾病：什么重要？

静脉血栓栓塞事件（VTE）是创伤后发病和死亡的重要原因。我们研究了需要住院治疗的钝性创伤 VTE 患者的人口特征、化学预防和结果。对 2012 年至 2019 年间发生或不发生 VTE 的成人钝性创伤住院情况进行回顾性分析。急诊室的死亡被排除在外。进行了单变量和多变量分析，包括 VTE 的机器学习分类算法。在 10,926 名入院的成人钝性创伤患者中，有 177 名发生 VTE 事件。VTE 事件发生的时间中位数为 6 [IQR 3-11] 天，其中 7.3% 发生在入院 1 天内。VTE 患者多为男性，且更常接受手术。他们的伤势更严重，重症监护室和医院的住院时间也更长。虽然 VTE 发生在各种损伤严重程度的范围内，但 27.7% 的损伤严重程度较低 (ISS < = 9)。在多变量分析中，肝素和依诺肝素均降低了 VTE 的调整优势比。大约 7.3% 的 VTE 事件发生在入院一天内。相当一部分 VTE 事件发生在损伤严重程度较低的患者 (ISS < = 9) 中。皮下普通肝素和依诺肝素化学预防均与 VTE 呈负相关。这些发现强调，在钝性创伤患者住院期间和 VTE 预防工作中，需要对 VTE 识别保持警惕。