Text comprehension frequently demands the resolution of no longer plausible interpretations to build an accurate situation model, an ability that might be especially challenging during second language comprehension. Twenty-two native English speakers (L1) and twenty-two highly proficient non-native English speakers (L2) were presented with short narratives in English. Each text required the evaluation and revision of an initial prediction. Eye movements in the text and a comprehension sentence indicated less efficient performance in the L2 than in L1 comprehension, in both inferential evaluation and revision. Interestingly, these effects were determined by individual differences in inhibitory control and linguistic proficiency. Higher inhibitory control reduced the time rereading previous parts of the text (better evaluation) as well as revisiting the text before answering the sentence (better revision) in L2 comprehenders, whereas higher proficiency reduced the time in the sentence when the story was coherent, suggesting better general comprehension in both languages.

中文翻译：

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L1 和 L2 文本理解的推理评估和修订：眼动研究

文本理解经常需要解决不再合理的解释，以建立准确的情境模型，这种能力在第二语言理解过程中可能尤其具有挑战性。向 22 名英语母语者 (L1) 和 22 名非英语母语者 (L2) 提供简短的英语叙述。每个文本都需要对初始预测进行评估和修改。文本和理解句子中的眼球运动表明，在推理评估和修订方面，L2 理解的效率低于 L1 理解的效率。有趣的是，这些影响是由抑制控制和语言能力的个体差异决定的。较高的抑制控制减少了二语理解者重读文本前面部分的时间（更好的评估）以及在回答句子之前重新审视文本的时间（更好的修订），而较高的熟练程度则减少了故事连贯时句子的时间，这表明更好地理解两种语言。