Early detection and treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anal dysplasia in some high-risk groups can help anal cancer prevention, but new tools to improve diagnostic and risk assessment are needed. Here, we aim to discuss the evidence on the role of the microbiome as a potential biomarker for anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in people with HIV (PWH).

中文翻译：

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微生物组作为艾滋病毒感染者肛门癌前病变的生物标志物。

在一些高危人群中早期发现和治疗与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关的肛门发育不良有助于预防肛门癌，但需要新的工具来改进诊断和风险评估。在这里，我们的目的是讨论微生物组作为 HIV 感染者 (PWH) 肛门高级鳞状上皮内病变 (HSIL) 潜在生物标志物的作用的证据。