Disaster forensic approaches aim to identify the causes of disasters to support disaster risk management. However, few studies have conducted a systematic literature review of scientific articles that labeled themselves as a forensic approach to disasters. This article provides a qualitative analysis of these forensic studies, focusing on five main issues: (1) the methodologies applied; (2) the forensic approaches used in the disaster risk management phases; (3) the hazards addressed; (4) if the methodologies involve social participation, and using what types of participation; and (5) if there are references to urban planning in the scientific studies analyzed. Our results showed a predominance of the Forensic Investigations of Disasters (FORIN) and Post-Event Review Capability (PERC) methodologies used in isolation or combination. There is a need for methodologies that engage people in participatory FORIN, fostering the co-production of knowledge and action research approaches.

灾害取证方法旨在确定灾害原因以支持灾害风险管理。然而，很少有研究对那些自称为灾害取证方法的科学文章进行系统的文献综述。本文对这些法医学研究进行了定性分析，重点关注五个主要问题：（1）所采用的方法；(2) 灾害风险管理阶段使用的法证方法；(3) 所处理的危险；(4) 方法是否涉及社会参与，以及采用什么类型的参与；(5) 所分析的科学研究中是否参考了城市规划。我们的结果显示，单独或组合使用的灾害法医调查 (FORIN) 和事后审查能力 (PERC) 方法占主导地位。需要一种让人们参与参与式 FORIN 的方法，促进知识和行动研究方法的共同生产。