Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, and its association with viral hepatitis has been debated. We performed a meta-analysis to examine the association between PD risk and viral hepatitis. Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were searched from inception till July 2022. Meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed-effect model with the inverse variance method. Three groups were compared to controls: infection with either hepatitis B or C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively), or coinfection with both viruses. We found 551 records, and six studies comprising of 2,566,947 patients were included in the analysis. PD risk was increased in HCV-infected population (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03–1.17, p = 0.005) and (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.26–1.49, p < 0.001). This increase was not observed for the HBV-infected and HBV–HCV-coinfected coinfection populations. For pooled OR, the risk was significantly lower in HBV-infected (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.76–0.83, p < 0.001) but not significantly different in HBV–HCV-coinfected populations (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.82–1.12, p = 0.57). For pooled HR, the risk was significantly higher in both HBV-infected (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.14–1.31, p < 0.001) and HBV–HCV-coinfected populations (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05–1.58, p = 0.013). We found that the risk of PD was increased in the HCV-infected population, but results were inconsistent in those with HBV and HBV–HCV infections. Our findings provide impetus for further clinical and functional studies to unravel the role of the adaptive immune system in PD.

帕金森病 (PD) 是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其与病毒性肝炎的关系一直存在争议。我们进行了一项荟萃分析来检查 PD 风险与病毒性肝炎之间的关联。从开始到 2022 年 7 月检索了 Medline、EMBASE 和 Cochrane 图书馆。使用逆方差法的固定效应模型进行荟萃分析。将三组与对照组进行比较：感染乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎病毒（分别为 HBV 和 HCV），或同时感染这两种病毒。我们发现了 551 条记录，并纳入了包含 2,566,947 名患者的六项研究。HCV 感染人群的 PD 风险增加（OR 1.10，95% CI 1.03–1.17，p  = 0.005）和（HR 1.37，95% CI 1.26–1.49，p  < 0.001）。在 HBV 感染和 HBV-HCV 合并感染人群中未观察到这种增加。对于汇总 OR，HBV 感染人群的风险显着较低（OR 0.79，95% CI 0.76–0.83，p  < 0.001），但 HBV-HCV 合并感染人群的风险没有显着差异（OR 0.96，95% CI 0.82–1.12，p < 0.001）。p  = 0.57）。对于汇总 HR，HBV 感染人群（HR 1.22，95% CI 1.14–1.31， p  < 0.001）和 HBV-HCV 合并感染人群（HR 1.29，95% CI 1.05–1.58，p  = 0.013 ）的风险显着较高）。我们发现 HCV 感染人群的 PD 风险增加，但 HBV 和 HBV-HCV 感染人群的结果不一致。我们的研究结果为进一步的临床和功能研究提供了动力，以揭示适应性免疫系统在帕金森病中的作用。